Study On The Moderate Scale Operation Of Grain Production Based On The Agricultural Management Entities

With the rapid advancement of urbanization and industrialization, agricultural production is facing a series of problems. Agricultural labor cost begins to rise, basic infrastructure impoverishes, agricultural resources constraint rigidly, ecological environment deteriorates, food security turns into worse. Therefore, China has proposed to develop the moderate scale management in agriculture. Within this context, this paper mainly studies the development of grain production and new agricultural management entities in the Huang-Huai-Hai region, analyzes sources and influencing factors for moderate scale, and explores the moderate scale range of grain production in order to provide theoretical basis for government policies.Combining with the current status of grain production in China, this paper analyzes the characteristics of different new agricultural management entities, compares their developing modes, gives the further research to the representative case of moderate scale management in Huang-Huai-Hai region by analyzing case studies, and finally draws the conclusion that the family farm and large farm households show more advantages in the moderate scale management and the development of the “land trust” service also make great contributions to improving the efficiency of the moderate scale management.This paper analyzes moderate scale management of food production both from the aspect of different agricultural management entities and from the aspect of different scales, by taking household survey data of 2014 in Henan, Shandong and Hebei as examples. Based on this survey data, it studies the factors affecting the moderate scale management of food production, and analyzes the effect of the change in cultivated land scale on farmers’ income and grain yield per unit area by using Pearson correlation test and Redundancy analysis. Also, it uses the SBM model to find the most efficient scale range by measuring production efficiency conditions in Huang-Huai-Hai region.Main conclusions are as follows. This paper gives several case studies for agricultural management entities in Huang-Huai-Hai region, and draws the conclusion that the workers’ enthusiasm is high. They generally have the intention to further expand the scale of operations, but there are many problems such as single production structure, low level of organization, funding difficulties, and rising agricultural costs. In terms of the factors affecting the moderate scale management, there’s a significant negative correlation between the age of the entities, the management scale, the agricultural income and the total yield of wheat-corn. The expansion of the land scale has a positive effect on the farmer household income, and the yield per unit area shows a significant positive correlation with farming income. Increasing the investment of fertilizer and machinery is benefit to the yield per unit area. The moderate scale range under the most optimized production efficiency conditions in Huang-Huai-Hai region is 0-2.1 Mu, 27.6-34 Mu, 34-50 Mu, 50-150 Mu and 560-720 Mu. In order to ensure food security and achieve to promote farmers’ income, we should encourage and support the management entities, such as the middle farmers whose management scale in 27.6-50 Mu, family farms in 50-150 Mu and the large-scale grain-production households in 560-720 Mu.Finally, based on the research and conclusions of first 6 chapters, this paper gives relevant suggestions for strengthening the culture of family farms and large-scale grain-production households, establishing rural land transfer mechanism, ensuring the reunification of farmland infrastructure construction, improving the social service system, and establishing a modern rural financial system.