The Research On Theory Method And Application Of Agricultural Industrial Structure Adjustment

The core of agricultural economic progress strategy lies in the strategic adjustment of agricultural structure, which is the key to the sustainable growth of national economy. A rapid economic growth calls for the support of a stable agricultural economy, which is based on a rational agricultural industry structure. With irreplaceable fundamentality, agricultural economy is an integral part of the national economy and its importance is highlighted with the development of economy. However, China’s modern agricultural industrialization development started late and the development of modern agricultural economy lagged behind the developed countries. Even compared with the other two departments in our national economy, it is still less developed. The problems mainly existed in the issues of agriculture, farmer and rural area, which embodied in severe waste of agricultural resources, messy agricultural layout, unreasonable price for agricultural products, low agricultural products added value and immature agricultural industrial, etc. Therefore, actively promoting the strategic adjustment of agricultural industrial structure is an important way to solve the problem in agriculture and rural economic development in the new period. This paper analyzed the issue of adjustment and utilization of agricultural structure from the perspective of agricultural product structure, layout structure, and industrial chain structure as well as its influencing factors and adjustment of performance evaluation, etc.In this paper, the main research contents and innovative works are as follows:(1) An agricultural structure adjustment system including the elements as adjustment subject, adjustment content, goal, strategy and the influence factors was constructed. First of all, this paper combed the related theories, and clearly defined some of the concepts; and then through the comparison between Chinese and foreign agricultural industrial structure got some reference for us; Based on the analysis of present situation and problems of domestic agricultural structure and comprehensive consideration of organization system, management system, decision-making system, executive system and the influence factors involving in the agricultural structure adjustment, this paper put forward the elements composing agricultural industrial structure adjustment system, and made a detailed analysis of their functions and relationship between them. The paper raised the point that the government is the main body of decision-making while the farmers is the main body of implementation in the process of structural adjustment and clarified the new concept of analyzing subject in agricultural structure adjustment.(2) From the perspectives of agricultural product structure, the agricultural layout structure and the agricultural industrial chain structure, this paper elaborately analyzed the content of agricultural structural adjustment. By analyzing the characteristics of domestic agricultural production, agricultural industrial structure layout and agricultural industry chain, combining the micro-adjustment, macro-adjustment and market economic rules, the author proposed a new method which insisted an adjustment in the agricultural products, agricultural layout structure and agricultural chain structure. This provided us with a new way of thinking in agricultural structure adjustment and decision-making, which can further promote the adjustment, optimization and upgrade of domestic agricultural structure.(3) Based on agricultural product structure adjustment, this paper set up a high-end ecological agricultural pattern. By analyzing the superiority of domestic agricultural production conditions and the rigid demand of modern market economy, fully taking the differences in regional natural conditions, natural resources, social economic and technological factors into consideration, the author suggested establish ecological planting pattern, eco-fishery pattern, ecological husbandry production pattern, grassland ecological pattern, hilly ecological pattern, models of controlled environmental ecological agriculture, ecological sightseeing agriculture and other high-end ecological agriculture pattern according to the regional differences. It provided us with a new direction for agricultural product structure adjustment.(4) Based on the adjustment of agricultural layout structure, this paper suggested combine macro agriculture layout and the medium layout to further complete the micro layout. By analyzing the agricultural regional differences and the requirements on the construction of urban-rural integration in China, it is necessary to complete the micro layout while the macro and medium layout are well-completed. In other words, the production structure of villages and towns should be well arranged, which can provide us with a new and feasible way of agriculture layout.(5) We should accelerate the optimization of agricultural industry chain structure, set up the township agricultural products processing enterprises with Chinese characteristics, extend and broaden the agriculture industry chain, establish and improve the agricultural industry chain system in our country. By analyzing the generality and particularity of domestic agricultural industry chain, based on relevant policies about increasing farmers’ income and farmers’ non-agricultural employment, this paper proposed to advance the establishment of more township agricultural products processing enterprises, to promote the deep and intensive processing of agricultural products, which provided a new thinking for the agricultural industry chain optimization.(6) Based on grey system theory, this paper constructed a performance evaluation model of the agricultural industrial structure adjustment. By analyzing a number of performance evaluation methods, taking the complexity of agricultural industrial structure adjustment, diversity of influential factors and uncertainty into consideration, this paper employed the grey system decision-making model to solve the problems of information missing, information uncertainty and limited data. This model constructed relevant index system and established a model of grey system theory for the performance evaluation which is now a new evaluating method.(7) This paper has conducted an empirical analysis on the agricultural industrial structure adjustment policies. Based on the related data of agricultural production in 1981-2011, the author has carried on a hypothesis test empirical analysis on domestic agricultural structure adjustment strategy and drew the conclusion that:the degree of fiscal and financial support for agriculture, agricultural modernization level and the promulgation of the policy of the Central File No.1 were positively associated with the industrial structure adjustment performance.