Comparative Research On Economic And Social Development Competitiveness Of Poor Areas Of Central China

Since the implementation of reform and open policy, the poor areas of central China have made a larger overall economic and social development. However, for various reasons, poverty is still outstanding. For example, in 2013, rural poverty population of 130 old liberated areas (poor areas) of central China was more than 13.2303 million people, accounting for 19.14% of the population, accounting for 49.57% of poverty population of the six provinces of central china. Marx said:"the competition is able to resist the torrent."The competition is good for reversed transmission in poor areas to improve development pattern, and improve the level of local government.To realize poor areas of central China steadily and sustained development, this study thinks that cultivating economic and social development competitiveness of poor areas of central China is the key. What is the development competitiveness in the poor area of central, how its status quo, and what are competitive advantages and disadvantages?Therefore, integrated using of comparative analysis, system analysis, empirical analysis and policy analysis methods, This paper analyzes the connotation, value orientation and development stage about economic and social development competitiveness of poor areas of central China. Basing on the empirical comparative evaluation, the paper finds out their respective comparative advantages and disadvantages, and gives the corresponding countermeasures. The main research work and achievements:1. The concept of economic and social development competitiveness of the poor areas of central China is defined and this paper locates their stage, and expounds its value orientation. Based on the understanding of the connotation of the competitiveness, it is considered that aiming at poverty alleviation,economic and social development competitiveness of the poor areas of central China is a unity of the four components of development strength, development vitality, endogenous capability and development security. The ability comprehensive reflected in poor areas in central economy, environment, science and education, health care, social security, government function, etc. By an overall consideration of competitive advantage stage division theory and the industrialization stage theory, This paper finds out economic and social development competitiveness of the poor areas of central China are in a factor promoting stage, and industry competitive advantage is the full use of natural resources and the mining efficiency, the main form of competition is the competition of factor endowments. The value orientation should include four aspects of people-oriented, unity of fairness and efficiency, viability cultivation, and environment friendly, respectively the basic value orientation, fundamental value orientation, the core value orientation and target.2. Using the SWOT analysis method and system dynamics model analysis method to analyze internal and external environment of economic and social development of poor areas of central China. Through SWOT method analysis it is found that the advantages are in geography, labor, natural resources and the revolutionary style, the disadvantages are insufficient fund accumulation, backward infrastructure, low level of labor and income external dependence, the good opportunities are the regional coordinated development strategy implementation, the rise of central China, the industrial gradient transfer speed, and threats are the economic and social development of mutual extrusion, the challenge of unsustainable advantages such as low cost. Using SD model analysis method, it is found that the economic and social development of poor areas is a complex dynamic system. Such as economy, society, science and technology, education, culture, environment, and many other subsystems, are the mutual relation between each subsystem, and influence each other. To promote the comprehensive development, they should not only to suit the remedy to the case, more need to plan as a whole; Should not only with the aid of outside force, also promote endogenous; Should plan for the future, but a lesson; Should not only focus on the present but also considering the long term.3. A comprehensive evaluation index system of economic and social development competitiveness of the poor areas of central China is established, based on which a empirical research is conducted on the competitiveness evaluation. The endowment basis, market dynamics, endogenous capability and system guarantee four dimensions form the competitiveness evaluation index system.4. Using the entropy method to determine the weight, we found that the role of four elements:market dynamics> endowment basis> endogenous capability> system guarantee.The greatest effect in the market dynamics is openness, the greatest effect in the foundation is economic level, the greatest effect in the endogenous capability in scientific is technological innovation,and the greatest influence in system guarantee is the system of poverty alleviation. To improve the comprehensive competitiveness the poor areas should expand opening to the outside world, enhance the economic strength, strengthen technology innovation and development, solve the problem of poverty, and implement the national poverty alleviation system.5. Using two-storey evaluation method to systematically evaluate the economic and social development competitiveness. Using the factor analysis method the article compares and estimates the comprehensive strength of 130 poor revolutionary region and Clusters analysis in the different province. On the basis of evaluation,we select 20 poor area respectively from the comprehensive strength of the good, medium, poor three levels as sample to compare and estimate the economic and social development competitiveness.On the basis of the 2011-2013 panel data, using the entropy method and TOPSIS method,we found that the comprehensive strength and the comprehensive competitiveness in the rankings have major changes; On the static economic and social development comprehensive competitiveness in the poor area of central china were small and there is not much difference; On the dynamic the ranking is little changed in three years, not much difference;Overall the economic and social development comprehensive competitiveness in the poor area of central china is at the lower stage, agreeing with the fifth chapter that the paper pointed out that the economic and social development comprehensive competitiveness in the poor area of central china is in the early stages of competitiveness.6. According to the main conclusions of the empirical analysis, combining with qualitative analysis, this article thinks that the competitiveness promoting mainly considers these aspects:seizing the opportunity to expand the opening to the outside world, actively into the characteristic economic circle;Supporting the characteristic industry, making advantage of cluster, and enhancing economic strength;Ensuring foundation first, and strengthening the support ability;Increasing investment in education, and improving the quality of the talents;Standard construction of medical and health care system and improving the social security system;To hatch local talent, cultivating endogenous ability;Aiming at the poor,and implementing poverty alleviation system;Implementation of ecological compensation, achieving regional coordinated development;Clear the government duty, strengthening overall function.Compared with the previous studies, this article breaks through traditional thinking model focusing on developing mode,path,etc, selects the economic and social development competitiveness as the focal point of the research, makes up the blank of the existing research, and caters to 18th CPC National Congress the grand goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way. The article constructs the overall theory, and analyses the value orientation, and uses entropy TOPSIS method to compare and estimate the economic and social development competitiveness of the poor area of central china.It has innovation in research perspective, content and methods, and also has certain theoretical value and practical significance.