Public Interest Theory

With the deepening of China’s reform and opening, economy has maintained sustained and rapid growth. When the market gives full play to the advantages of the allocation of resources, it promotes the redistribution of benefits among the publics, and significant changes the concept of the publics interest. The people began to re-examine the relationship of interest, and emphasis on the realization and protection of the publics interest. Changes in the concept of the publics interest affect the scope and level of the interests which people pursue, affect the attitude on the distribution of benefits of the publics, and finally affect the action which publics take to obtain benefits. With economic development, after publics got the basic survival needs, they focus not only the material needs and the tangible benefits, but also the spiritual needs and the intangible benefits. Publics began to concern about different levels and scopes of interest, such as democratic rights, freedom and equality, legal system construction, environmental protection, resource utilization, food safety, health care reform, education system reform and so on.In this thesis, we combine theory with practice, in order to analyse and research on the theory of publics interest. The full thesis can be divided into two parts except the first chapter of introduction. The first part is the theoretical part, and the other part is the practical part.The theoretical part includes Chapter II to Chapter IV, this part laid the theoretical foundation for the discussion of the full thesis. The second chapter is the concept and discrimination of the publics interest theory, we study three concepts of the publics and the interests of the publics interest, and distinguish three similar concept, the publics interest, the public interest and the common interest. The third chapter is a literature review, we comment on the different explaination in the publics interest between the Western Economics and Marxist briefly, and point out that they have two different research methods and research tasks. Chapter IV, we analyze the changes in the concept of the publics interest and the influence on a stable society. It is pointed out that the reform of the economic system will change in the concept of the publics interest inevitably, and the change of concept will lead to the contradictions and conflicts of interests inevitably. It is the inevitable product in the social transformation era.The practical part includes Chapter V to Chapter VIII, it has the analysis of the gap of publics interest, and the discuss of publics interest coordination mechanism, publics interest expression mechanisms and public policy. Chapter V, we observe the big gap of publics interest from the regional, urban and rural areas, inter-industry respectively. Chapter VI focuses on the mechanism of coordination of publics interest, we believe that the coordination mechanism must be an overall coordination mechanism, including economic, political and cultural. The economic coordination is very important, but we can’t ignore the other aspects of coordination. Chapter VII, we discuss the publics interest expression mechanisms deeply, and indicate that the core of building a publics interest expression mechanism is legal protection, the key is to broaden and smooth channels of expression, the focus is publics participation in public policy. Chapter Ⅷ, we discuss the public policy which is closely related to the publics interest problem. we study the running of public power, and realize the publics interest should be the basic starting point and the ultimate point of public policy.The main innovation of this thesis:First, we propose a new definition of publics interest, distinguish the difference between publics interest, public interest and common interests; Second, we propose a overall coordination mechanism for the publics interest, including economic, political and culture; Finally, we point out the core,the key and the focus of building the publics interestthe expression mechanism. The main shortcomings of the thesis:first, publics interest theory is too huge to enough detail; Second, there is no valid study to quantify the problem of publics interest.