Study On Farmers’ Demands For Rights And Interests In Rural Land Consolidation

Farmers are beneficial owners in rural land consolidation projects. The realized situation of farmers’ demands for rights and interests relates to protection of farmers’ rights and interest and project quality of rural land consolidation. At present, as an important means of promoting urbanization, rural land consolidation plays an important role in upgrading cultivated land quality, increasing cultivated land area, and guaranteeing food security and ecological security. But, there are a lot of problems, for example, planning scheme doesn’t conform to reality, plan often changes, image projects are very common, the quality of projects is poor, which caused farmers’ rights and interests been weakened. The basic reason is the loss of farmers’ discourses right in rural land consolidation projects which is financial contributed by government and government oriented. So, making clear the contents and realized situation of farmers’ demands for rights and interests in rural land consolidation and allowing farmers participate in rural land consolidation has great significance in protecting farmers’ rights and interests, promoting project quality, and constructing harmonious society.The paper analyzed the strength of farmers’ demands for rights and interests in rural land consolidation, used fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on entropy weight calculated the realization degree of the farmers’ demands for rights and interests, and then used the obstacle degree model revealed its obstacle indicators in 20 rural land consolidation project areas in 10 counties of Hunan province and Hubei province. The main conclusions were as follows:(1) Farmers paid most attention to the economics rights and interests and politics rights and interests took the second place, followed by the social culture rights and interests and ecological environment rights and interests in the rural land consolidation. Farmers think increasing yield of agricultural products is the most important in demands for economics rights and interests, and the others in order are changing agricultural production mode, adjusting agricultural structure, acquiring higher rents of land, obtaining compensation, getting labor rewards. Farmers think information publicity of projects is most important in demands for politics rights and interests, and the others in order are democratic decision-making, democratic supervision, democratic management. Farmers think enriching rural cultural lives is most important in demands for social rights and interests, and the others in order are making rural community harmonious, improving farmers’ position in community. Farmers think improving environment in rural habitat is most important in demands for ecological environment rights and interests, and the others in order are protecting agricultural production environment, saving land resources, saving water resources.(2) The implemented rural land consolidation projects for the response of farmers’ demands for rights and interests were not very ideal at present. In terms of economic rights and interests, farmers’ satisfaction degree of getting salary income in rural land consolidation was higher, the satisfaction degrees of increasing agricultural output and transforming agricultural production mode after the implementation of rural land consolidation projects were general, and the satisfaction degree of adjusting agricultural production structure, getting higher rental income of farmland, and getting economic loss compensation after the implementation of rural land consolidation projects were lower. In terms of political rights, farmers’ satisfaction degree of project information and policy disclosure, democratic policy-making, democratic management and democratic supervision in rural land consolidation were generally lower. In terms of social cultural rights and interests, farmers’ satisfaction degrees of the construction of harmonious rural community, rich cultural life in rural areas, promoting the status and values of farmers in the rural society by the implementation of rural land consolidation projects were generally lower. In terms of ecological environment rights and interests, farmers’ satisfaction degrees of improving the internal environment of the village and improving the agricultural production environment were higher, but farmers’ satisfaction degrees of saving water and land resources by the implementation of rural land consolidation projects was lower at present.(3) In general, the realization degree level of farmers’ demands for rights and interests in rural land consolidation was lower. Specifically, the realization degree level of farmers’ demands for economic rights and interests was general, the realization degree level of farmers’ demands for politics rights and interests was lower, the realization degree level of farmers’ demands for social culture rights and interests was general, and the realization degree level of farmers’ demands for ecological environment rights and interests was general. Demands for politics rights and interests were the primary factors that affected the realization degree level of farmers’ demands for rights and interests in rural land consolidation. At the same time, demands for social culture rights and interests, demands for ecological environment rights and demands for interests and economics rights and interests were also the factors that hindered the realization of farmers’ demands for rights and interests. From the point of view of obstacle factors, the top five factors that hindered the realization of farmers’ demands for rights and interests were followed by democratic supervision, democratic management, democratic decision-making, project information disclosure, promoting the status and value of farmers in rural communities.Based on the above research results, we drew that we should not only respect and protect farmers’ economics rights and interests, but also respect and protect farmers’ politics rights and interests, social culture rights and interests and ecological environment rights and interests in rural land consolidation. What’s more, according to farmers’ various demands for rights and interests and their differences, the direction, content and focus of rural land consolidation should be varied with place and time, to promote the rural land consolidation cause healthy, sustainable development. To protect farmers’ rights and interests in rural land consolidation, first is to protect farmers’ politics rights and interests, second is to protect farmers’ economics rights and interests, social culture rights and interests and ecological environment rights and interests. Specific measures are as follows: Firstly, earnestly implement the information disclosure system of rural land consolidation project, protect farmers’ right to know. Secondly, improve the mechanism of farmers participating in the entire process of rural land consolidation project, and improve the degree and level of democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision in rural land consolidation project. Thirdly, fully respect the wishes of farmers, combine rural land consolidation with agricultural modernization development, harmonious rural community and beautiful rural construction organically.