| Part1 : Comparative Analysis On Bacterial Resistance Of Isolates Both From Nosocomial Infection and From community Infection in Tianjin during 2001-2002Infectious disease is very common disease in our country and is also leading cause of death. It is inestimable that antibiotic play a very important role in management of bacterial infection and in lowing downs the fatality rate. However, abuse antibiotics was seen in everywhere in our medical institution. Rapidly increased bacterial resistance trend became a nightmare of physician when they face treatment of infection disases, especially nosocomial infection. How to hurl the rate of increasing resistance of bacteria and how to enhance the policy of appropriate using antibiotic are the key of clinical practice. Local difference and local bacterial spectrum are characteristic of resistance. There are very intimate relationships between nosocomial infection and bacterial resistance. A lot of factors are the reasons of forming multiply resistance strains, for example, transmission by contact, which is caused by not very good nosocomial infection control, or, kinds of antibiotic put on the market. To understanding the information of bacterial constitution and bacterial resistance rates, even hospital acquired isolates and community acquired isolates, is determined factor of antibiotics use. To view the baseline of bacterial resistance and to setup the system of surveillance is primary step of appropriate antibiotic use and of nosocomial infection control. For that, 8 hospitalof Tianjin regions joined in the group of surveillance with their clinical isolates during 2001-2002 and all the isolates are measured the susceptibility of kinds of drugs. Result is not only for antibiotic use reference, but also for background of local bacterial epidemiology.ABSTRACT: Objective: to investigate and comparative analysis on the bacterial resistance of clinical isolates from 8 Tianjin hospital. Methods: 3273 clinical isolates were collected from 8 Tianjin comprehensive hospitals in Mar 2001 to Mar 2002. All the isolates were measured by routine used antimicrobial susceptibility testing and meanwhile judged by hospital infection controller to make sure whether or not those were isolated from the nosocomial infectious patients. With the WHONET software , all the datas were analysis to compare the difference of the rate. Result: of 3273 clinical isolated, Gram-positive organisms account for 24.9%, Gram-negative organisms 75. 1%. MRSA and MRCNS account for 51. 7% and 65. 6% of S aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci respectively. About 1 % of Entercoccus Spp were Vancomycin resistant strains. 29.7% E. coli and 32.8% K.pneumoniase produced extend-spectrum beta-lactamaese. The resistant rates of P. aeruginosa to Ceftazidime and Imipenem were 26. 8% and 18. 2% respectively. The resistant rates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia to levofloxacin and Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were 15.9% and 7.7% respectively. The resistant rates of most isolates from nosocomial infectious patients were higher than those of isolates from community infectious patients. There are statistically significant differencesbetween from nosocomial infection and from community infection most strains. Conclusion: It is very important for rational use of antibiotic depending on what were hospital-acquired infections and community acquired infection. Part II study on serotyping of P. aeruginosa isolate from hospital acquired infections patientsP. aeruginosa is very important pathogens that mainly cause nosocomial infection. P. aeruginosa can thrive and preserve in the hospital moist environment because of resistant to antibiotics and disinfections agents. It grows well in moist environments, especially in open wounds; it invades frequently in immunodepressed individuals , or as experience on ventilator or infection of burn wound and longer inpatients , he will be infected by P. aeruginosa easier. It may be exogenous , sometime call cross infection , endogenous , former could cause epidemic in hos...
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