| ObjectiveThe purposes of this study were to measure the intercomissural distance, study the stereotactic anatomy of the nuclei around basal ganglion that were relative to the stereotactic neurosurgery, reconstruct and visualized the nuclei around basal ganglion for the imaging diagnosis and functional stereotactic neurosurgery, measure the tri-dimensional coordinates of anterior capsulotomy targets to guide the surgery treatment of refractory affective disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorders.Methods1. Intercomissural distances of 45 adult brain specimens were measured on the median sagittal plane, and compared with its MRI values of 100 physical examinations and 111 Parkinson's diseases. Intercomissural lines of digital visible human data were visualized by VR software.2. Serial thin cross-sections with thickness of 0.5mm were made from coronal, sagittal and horizontal directions by cryomicrotome on 45 adult brain specimens. The midpoint coordinates of nucleuses around basal ganglia on the cross-section were measured in the coordinate system that was established on the midpoint of intercomissural distance.3. Basal ganglia nuclei and some main structures of specimens and digital visible human data were reconstructed and visualized by the Medview software independently exploited by our department and the VR software provided by the chinese university of Hong Kong. 4. Serial thin cross-sections were made from horizontal directions by cryomicrotome on 15 adult brain specimens. The midpoint coordinates of anterior internal capsules were measured in the coordinate system that was established on the midpoint of intercomissural distance. The linear regression and multiple linear regression analyses were used. Data were proved by simulated anterior capsulotomies.Results1. The average distance of intercomissural distances of 45 adult brain specimens was21.59±1.34mm (min 19.26mm, max 24.46mm). Its MRI value in 100 physical examinations was 22.36±1.72mm (min 18.32mm, max 27.78mm), in 111 Parkinson's diseases 22.34±1.63mm (min 19.23mm, max 26.24mm). There were no significant statistic differences among the average distance of intercomissural distances of the physical examination group, Parkinson's disease group and specimen group.2. The visible reconstruction of intercomissural lines in digital visible humans could display the anterior commissure, posterior commissure and the relation between them clearly. It also could be corresponding to cross-sections so as to take accurate information. 3. The head of the caudate nucleus appeared on the coronal serial cross-sections Y+32 - Y+70, sagittal serial cross-sections X+13 - X+29 and horizontal serial cross-sections Z-12 - Z+44. Its target points coordinates (x, y, z) were 10.51±1.67mm,23.80±1.69mm,7.69±1.46mm respectively. GPi appeared on the coronal serial cross-sections Y-2 - Y+22, sagittal serial cross-sections X+26 - X+44 and horizontal serial cross-sections Z-4 - Z+8. Its target points coordinates were 18.30±1.88mm,5.45±1.35mm, 0.88±1.94mm respectively. GPe appeared on the coronal serial cross- sections Y-10 - Y+32, sagittal serial cross-sections X+22 - X+48 and horizontal serial cross-sections Z-4 - Z+18. Its target points coordinates were 20.95±1.79mm,7.62±1.78mm,4.50±1.40mm respectively. The medial thalamic nucleus appeared on the coronal serial cross- sections Y0 - Y-30, sagittal serial cross-sections X+6 - X+24 and horizontal serial cross-sections Z0 - Z+40. Its target points coordinates were 5.12±1.13mm,-6.68±1.57mm,7.58±1.27mm respectively. The lateral thalamic nucleus appeared on the coronal serial cross- sections Y+10 - Y-36, sagittal serial cross-sections X+14 - X+38 and horizontal serial cross-sections Z0 - Z+40. Its target points coordinates were 12.47±1.21mm,-5.43±1.19mm,10.64±1.78mm respectively. The STN appeared on the coronal serial cross- sections Y-6 - Y+10, sagittal serial cross-sections X+14 - X+30 and horizontal serial cross-sections Z-2 - Z-18. Its target points coordinates were 9.15?...
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