Study On The Growth Characteristics, Grain Nutrient And Antioxidation Of Black Wheat(T.aestivum L.)

Wheat is the most widely distributed and cultivated crop in the world, and also has the highest output and trade volume. Its nutritional value is high. Food security of human depends on the wheat production to a great extent. In China wheat is the second largest crop, with a mean cultivation area of 29 million ha per year and a total production of 112 billion Kg (1996-2000), which account for 25% of all crops. China's wheat production and consumption rank the first in the world. It is a staple food of over half people, and about 121 billion Kg is demanded every year in China.With economic development and living standard enhancement, consumers pay more and more attention to natural, nutritional and health-promotive foods, which will promote the diversification of consumption structures of wheat. As a novel kind of food resource, black wheat will receive more and more attention because of its special nutritional and medicinal values.In recent years, some progress on breeding of black wheat varieties were obtained; new cultivars such as Luozhen 1, Hedongwumai and Heimai 76 were extended. But the basic research on black wheat is not enough so far, e.g. studies on nutritional ingredients, pigment and heredity of black wheat have just received preliminary studies, and there is no report on its antioxidation, growth characteristics and other aspects, In this research, the intrinsic relationship of the pigment contents and nutritional ingredients, the antioxidation, the physiological characteristics of photosynthesis and endogenous hormones were systemically studied. The main results are as follows:1. Nutritional characteristics of black wheatUsing general white- and red-grained wheats as controls, the relationship between pigment contents and nutritional characteristics of purple-, dark purple-, black purple- and blue-grained wheats was studied. The contents of soluble protein, total protein, amino acids, Vc, carotenoid, Fe, Zn, essential amino acids and delicious amino acids are higher in black-grained wheat than in white- and red-grained wheats. The correlation between pigment contents and nutritional...