Study On Effects Of Interaction And Model And Character Coefficients Of Water And Temperature In Soil-Crop Systems

Arid Farmland is an important issue paid close attention to in worldwide, the arid land and semi-arid land cover about 52.5 percent of land in our country, whose productivity is very important for our agriculture. The outstanding natural characteristic in northwest arid region of our country is lacking water, and temperature difference between day and night, so that they are affected greatly by soil water and temperature that moisture vaporizes nutrients transform, crops grow and crops absorb nutrients. So it has a great significance for arid land production to study the effect of water and temperature on the properties of soil and crops. The interaction, quantitative relation and character of energy that moisture vaporize from soil, nitrogen fertilizers transform, crop grows and crop absorbs nitrogen are discussed systematically in this paper through lab and field trial.The dynamics equations of soil water vaporizing and ammonia volatilizing hcluding the factors of water and temperature, and the dynamics-like equation of urea transforming into ammonium nitrogen in soil are founded in the paper, by taking the effect of interaction of water and temperature as subject, the dynamic change character of object studied as basis and using principle of chemical dynamic; The empirio-equations of soil water retention curve including temperature and the empirio-equations including temperature between water potential of millet seedling leaves and soil water are founded in order to make the equation of relation between water potential and water content in soil suit the demand of temperature change much better. Zero-value coefficients about interaction of water and temperature is put forward, Zerovalue phenomenon about interaction of water and temperature and energy character that moisture vaporizes, ammonia volatilizes, millet seeding grows and it absorbs nitrogen are brought to light. In addition, some criterions and targets such as restricting temperature on crops growing affected by interaction of water and temperature, which have very value for adjusting crop growth and using fertilizer, are gotten.The main solutions in the paper are:1. The vaporization of soil water is suit to the dynamic equation as Y=a+blnt, the coefficients in the equation are related to temperature and water content of soil, and the dynamic equation about vaporization including water and temperature and the is developed, which provide some new information for studying and applying dynamic including environmental factors. In addition, the model of interaction of water and temperature between field water vaporization and soil water storage, temperature and millet weight is gotten by field trial.2. The ammonia volatilizing of fertilizer is suit to the dynamic equation as Y=a+bt, thecoefficients in the equation are related to the kind of fertilizer, temperature and water content of soil, and the dynamic equation about ammonia volatilization including water and temperature and the is developed. In addition, the dynamic equation about ammonia fertilizer affected by interaction of water and temperature is gotten.3. The phenomenon about water vaporization-induced ammonia volatilizing is verified, and it is studied quantitatively. In addition the dynamic-like equation about urea in soil transforming into ammonium nitrogen is gotten by regression analysis, and the coefficients are related to water and temperature.4. Water content, water potential of leaves, nitrogen content and growth rate of millet seedhg are all related to temperature and soil water content, their model for interaction of water and temperature is gotten by regression analysis,.5. The empirio-equations of soil water retention curve including temperature is developed on the basis of the empirio-equations of soil water retention curve without temperature by studying the quantitative relation between water absorption capacity and soil water content. In addition, the empirio-equations including temperature of millet seedling and soil water content is got...