| Goose fatty liver is a senior nutritional food with high economic value, which is rich in protein, fat, vitamin, lecithin, TG, DNA, RNA and microelement. Formation of goose fatty liver is influenced by many factors such as heredity, nutrition, overfeeding method, temperature, etc. Fat deposition in goose fatty liver was closely correlated with dynamic changes of TG, HDL and activity of FAS in the body. Researching the dynamic changes of FAS and its activity during the force-feeding in molecular level is significant for controlling fat deposition in animal liver. It is very important to research expression and regulation of enzyme during the period of fat deposition induced by overfeeding from the aspect of molecular biology since it not only identifies the regulation mechanism but also provides reference for the study of disease of liver, cardiovascular and diabetes for humane abnormal fat metabolize.Landes goose was researched as object by means of biology technology of FQ-PCR and force-feeding experiment. Properties of liver, biochemical index of serum, nutrients in liver tissue under the same nutritional conditions was systematically studied, including expression regulations of FAS gene under different week-old of force-feeding. Fat deposition law and some molecular mechanism of formation of fatty liver" was revealed. And it can provide some consultancy and reference for further study of molecular nutrition and Landes goose scientifical force-feeding. Storage characteristics of storage temperature and biological preservative on goose fatty liver were preliminarily conducted in the paper. Amount of force-feeding of each goose in different week-old was accurately measured by electronic sensor installed. Then expression amount of FAS and deposition in and out of the livers at different ages were measured. From the perspective of the trinity, effects of force-feeding on the expression and role of weight gaining of fatty liver were investigated, which provided valuable technical parameters for future research of fatty liver fore-feeding. Results obtained were shown as follows:1. Regulation of the number of feedings weight and deposition of fat in Landes goose liver with different feeding weeksThere were significant discrepants in the daily and weekly weight of feed in average (P＜0.05) and the ratio of the liver to slaughtering weight (P>0.05) during feeding weeks. Simultaneously, the ratio of material to liver showed extreme significant (P<0.01).The weight of liver increased obviously by 130.48%.92.98%,72.38%,23.60%respectively from one to four feeding weeks. In addition, the livers which were 805g in average came to A standard in the third week and the index of liver weight increased 0.7 by 666.67%. The livers with 995g in average in the fourth week were increased by 847.62%. The weight of livers which had a positive correlation with the number of feeding increased obviously and the ratio of material to liver came to the least.Force-feeding three weeks was appropriate.The weight of slaughter, intestinal fat, abdominal fat and leather fat increased significantly after each feeding week. What's more, the deposition of extra-hepatic adipose tissue also increased significantly with time extended. The weight of goose with different feeding weeks raised by 15.63%,34.51%,46.26%,47.46%respectively(P＜0.05). In addition, the weight of intestinal fat was increased obviously by 39.85%,55.91%,31.72%,23.30% respectively(P＜0.05), the weight of abdominal fat also raised significantly by 27.88%,36.84%,38.73%,6.53%respectively (P＜0.05),and the weight of leather fat also increased significantly by 341.91%,32.28%,21.07%,11.01%,respectively (P＜0.05).2 The law of blood lipid metabolism and the fat deposition with different feeding weeks in Landes gooseAlthough the content of TC was not significant between pre-overfeeding and first feeding week, the third feeding week and the forth (P>0.05), it was significant between first feeding week and second feeding week, the second week and the third (P＜0.05). The differences of TG level were significant in different feeding weeks except the difference between the third week and the forth (P＜0.05). The level of HDL was only significantly different between the first week and the second (P＜0.05). The levels of LDL and VLDL were obviously different among the first, second and the third feeding week (P＜0.05). The contents of total protein were significant between the first and the second feeding week, the third and the forth week (P＜0.05). The urea and glucose in blood were insignificant among different weeks (P>0.05). The level of UA was significant between the pre-overfeeding and the first week (P＜0.05). The activity of ALT in blood serum was significantly different among the different feeding weeks from the first to the forth (P＜0.05). In addition, the activity of AST in blood serum was not significant among different feeding weeks from the first to the forth week (P>0.05). What's more, the activity of ALK in blood serum was obviously different among the first, the second and the third feeding week (P＜0.05). What's more, the contents of water and protein gradually decreased. The contents of total fat,TC,USFA increased significantly(P<0.05), but SFA not obviously(P>0.05). The content of lecithin in fatty livers were 1.75%,2.40%,4.85%,6.85%,7.90%with the pre-overfeeding and the different feeding weeks (P＜0.05). The content increased four times from pre-overfeeding to the forth week.3Correlation research between expression of FAS gene and fat deposition in and out of liver under different feeding weeks The expression of FAS increased regularly among the different feeding weeks. There was a positive correlation between the expression of FAS gene and the weight of fatty liver,weight,intestinal fat,abdominal fat and leather fat(P＜0.05). What's more, there also was a positive genetic correlation between FAS mRNA expression in fatty liver tissue and total fat, SFA and USFA, TC (P＜0.05). In addition, there was no significant correlation between FAS mRNA expression in fatty liver and ALT, AST activity in serum (P＞0.05). In one word, the expression of FAS gene directly influenced the rate of deposition.The higher activity expression of FAS genes, the more perfect the fatty liver was. The result showed that FAS gene had a important regulation function in the forming of fatty liver in goose and the deposition of fat, thus it is the regulatory gene to promote the fat deposits inside goose liver.4 Storage characteristics of goose fatty liverGoose liver frozen under the condition of-20℃is best. Orthogonal test verified that compound preservative including 0.05% lysozyme,0.3%lactic acid streptocin,5%potassic sorbic acid were best compound preservative for goose fatty liver. |
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