Study On Theory And Experiment Of The Characteristics And Detection Technology Of Nuclear Explosion Radiation

The technology of nuclear explosion detection develops with the appearance ofnuclear weapons,it is the most advantageous safeguard for"the balanced of nucleus"in thewhole world.As the nuclear weapon came out and be first used for the battlefield,theruinous attack effect and the indescribable deterrent force of the nuclear weapon wasshocked all of the world.It makes the countries which have nucleus or non-nuclear all carryon the research of the detection technology of nuclear explosion,respectively.At the peacetime,the detection system of the nuclear explosion can monitor the trend of nucleusresearch in the world and make each kind of illegal nuclear test not be hidden.At the sametime,if the nuclear war breaks out and takes the defensive side,the detection system cansurvey all of the information about nuclear explosion,forecasts and estimates and calculatesthe attack consequence (damage effect).It can provide each kind of the nucleus attackinformation to the institution and the army,and organize the effective nucleus protectionfastly.For the attack side,the nuclear explosion detection system can be used to examinethe effect of our nucleus attack,and further privide the safeguard for the powerful attack.Therefore,we focus on the detection system of the nuclear explosion and makes it hashigher detection ability,which leads to the vital significance to the security of our nationaland the world peace.In this thesis,we studied the subsystem of the nuclear explosion detection system,i.e.,the system based on the ray radiation of the nuclear explosion parameter detection.Weadopted the newest photoelectric apparatus and the photoelectric detection technology atpresent,started from the characteristic of the nuclear explosion ray radiation,andconsidered the atmospheric transmission performance of ray radiation.We researched anddesigned a fast,all-weather,seamless and staring nuclear explosion detection system thatbased on ray radiation.The main research content of full text is shown as follows:(1)We researched the ray radiation characteristic of nuclear explosion in detail.Thestudy carried on the detailed elaboration that the content contained the radiation process,common characteristic,the developing process of nuclear explosion fireball,the relations ofray radiation and the fireball,the ray radiation rule,the relations of ray radiation andequivalent,radiant exposure as well as it to the harm factor of object (including the sensorof the system)and so on.Because the ray radiation produced in the early time of thenuclear explosion,it can be possible regarded the fireball which is the source of rayradiation as the blackbody that before the shock-wave separate from the fireball.Then it can be used the blackbody radiation theory to study and analysis the ray radiationcharacteristic of the nuclear explosion,and deducted the relations of the testing parameterand the nuclear explosion fireball and it ray radiation.At the same time,we study andexperiment the ray radiation simulator of nuclear explosion from the characteristic ofradiation.These steps will build the foundation for the following system design.(2)The atmospheric transmission theory of the nuclear explosion ray radiation wasconducted.From the main component of the atmospheric,and the major effect mechanismof the atmosphere to the ray radiation,combined with the basic theory of the atmosphericoptics,which elaborated the foundation theory of the granule scattering with emphasis,andit was obtained the scattering function relations of single granule and sol granule.Thenunifies the characteristic of middle latitude atmosphere in our country,deducted theatmospheric transmission equation of the 0.2～1.2μm ray radiation which from the generaltheory of atmospheric optics and the atmospheric model of our country.The simulationresult indicated that the atmospheric transmission formula we deducted can better expressthe visible ray radiation transmission influence in the middle latitude of our country.(3)Based on the characteristic of the nuclear explosion ray radiation,combined withthe parameter request of the detection system,we proposed a method of new visualizationnulear explosion ray radiation detection system that based on high speed image sensor andhigh speed digital signal processing,and established the construction of the detectionsystem which take the high speed CMOS image sensor and the DSP processing chip.Analized and studied the main image processing algorithm.At the foundation of ordinaryalgorithm and the characteristic of the fireball image,we proposed or improved some imageprocessing algorithm based on the auto-adapted technology.It is the Auto-adapted RenewalBackground Subtraction (ARBS)algorithm for the target identification,the FuzzyAuto-adapted Median Filter (FAMF)algorithm and the adaptive object division algorithms.These methods will enable the staring detection system to processing the image objectreal-time and effectively.At the same time,we discussed the method of parametermeasuring in the staring detection system of nuclear explosion based on image gathering.(4)In order to realize the detection of 360°seamless,we proposed the similarbiological modelling"the ommateum"staring detection system.According to the singlelens' angle of view,we designed the image sensor system of"the ommateum"which uses 6groups of lens and the DSP processing flow.The partial parameter testing experimentindicated that the ommateum system could achieve the performance requirement of the rayradiation detection system. (5)In the foundation of staring ommateum system,we full use the ultra great angle ofview of the fish-eye lens,and proposed the most effective staring detection system thatbased on the fish-eye lens further more.The principle of the fish-eye lens is studied and themeasuring technique method of object parameters was proposed.We analized theperformance of the experiment fish-eye lens used OSLO software in detail,which to proofthe lens whether achieved the system request.The partial parameter testing experimentindicated that the staring fish-eye lens ray radiation detection system can to realize theobject detect seamless and staring truly.Simultaneously,this method can also to provid thereference solution for other wide range object detection.In summary,the new nuclear explosion ray radiation detection system was studied inthis thesis that has the solid theoretical foundation,and utilizing the newest photoelectricapparatus and the photoelectric detection technology at present.With proposing andimproving some new designing method,the measuring accuracy of this detection systemhas been promoted,which could be better contribute to the nuclear explosion detection.Inthe further research,the staring fish-eye ray radiation detection system will be the bestsolution for the wide range object detection.These results will be much benefitial to theobject monitoring and survey domain.