Study On Urban BRT System Planning Theory And Method

In recent years, with the fast development of the economy of our country, the city traffic demands increases rapidly, nevertheless the utilizing mode of urban land determines that space resources of the road are limited. Because the traffic resource allocation is unreasonable as well, the city traffic issue is becoming severe day by day. Especially influenced by the rapid growth of the car traffic recently, the traffic jam is increasing and city traffic efficiency drops suddenly.Following urbanization process of our country quickening and development trends of the resident's multiple traffic demands, the rational urban public transit network needs to include different circuit levels, implements different standards of transporting, offers difference public transit services to different traffic demands, and organizes the operation of the public transit system rationally and orderly. Rail transit has many advantages, such as great capacity, rapid speed and environmental protection, but is still limited by the disadvantages of high invest, long constructing period and bad flexibility. The development of the traditional bus has being hindered because of its slow speed and bad service under the impact of the car traffic, so the traditional bus is unable to meet the multi-level traffic demands. BRT system, as the transition traffic mode of the Rail transit and traditional bus, can alleviate traffic jam, reduce resident traffic cost effectively, and improve transportation quality and efficiency, with its advantages, such as low constructing cost, low maintenance, little occupation of land, short construction period, rapid operation speed, great capacity, flexible, environmental protection and forming network easily, and so on.On the basis of drawing lessons from past BRT practices and studies, the paper carries on systematic research on the planning theory of BRT system, beginning with the adaptability of BRT system in our country. According to the basic steps of traffic planning, requirement forecasting, BRT system planning theory, BRT system operation theory are studied, and then the paper uses the above-mentioned theories and methods to carry on master plan of BRT system in Shenzhen city.Firstly, the paper progresses research on the adaptability of BRT system in the cities of our country, systematically analyzes the existing problems of the city traffic, especially of the public transporting, and carries on the discussion of the development model of BRT system in cur country, combining the developing direction of public traffic system planning—the planning idea of the comprehensive public transport system. On basic of analyzing main way that the traditional public transit of our country speeds, the paper probes into the key link of restraining the current traditional bus from speeding, and studies the adaptability of BRT system used in our country and development model in big city of our country, with the analysis of systematic characteristic of BRT system.Secondly, with analyzing the production principle of traffic demands, the paper points out that it needs to build quantity relation to calculate the traffic demands between traffic demands and several variables, such as land utilizing and social economic characteristics; On this basis, the forecasting methods of traffic demands, especially four-stage laws are researched and summarized. According to the guide function of BRT system on urban land development, while predicting traffic demands, the paper processes with the origin that the traffic produces namely land utilization law, adopts cross-classification analysis based on land utilization characters to forecast traffic demands of BRT system, and particularly introduces prediction steps.Thirdly, on the basis of defining BRT system planning, the paper analyzes the BRT system planning, explains the principle , goal of BRT system planning, and establishes the technological route of making BRT system planning and the key problems of planning; thereupon, the analysis principle and equilibrium principle of supply and demand of BRT system planning are studied, and the scheme of BRT network system planning are designed; then, key research on choosing BRT backbone are carried through, moreover, the main content of BRT system planning and operating steps are designed, and the evaluation index system of BRT system planning are established.Fourthly, operation organization of BRT system is studied on the basis of the BRT system planning theory. The paper particularly studies the key modules of BRT system, including BRT special lane, BRT intersection priority, BRT station and BRT vehicle. When studying BRT special lane, the paper puts forward BRT special lane organizational form and lane planning framework, and elementarily discusses bus lines and operation adjusting methods, aiming at the case of separation between BRT system and traditional bus. From the aspects of space determination, location choice and berth design, the influence factors of station capacity are analyzed. Then, the paper studies the performance requests of BRT vehicles, and advances the determination model of BRT vehicle capacity with considering the limitation of requirement scale, dispatch interval and load rate. Moreover, Space setting methods and time control technologies of BRT intersection priority are expounded completely. And also, the setting principle of BRT ticket system is studied in the paper.Finally, taking Shenzhen as the background and using preceding planning theory and method, the paper carries on the systematic master plan of BRT system in Shenzhen city. From analyzing traffic problems facing Shenzhen city, the paper predicts the traffic demand of BRT system, establishes the space and time development strategy of BRT system, designs the whole planning scheme of BRT network system, and puts forward the corresponding settlement measure to the question that may appear.