Wide Area Real-time Synchronized Phasor Measurement System For Electric Power System

As power industry enters the new century, wide area inter-connected power grids expand a lot. But, there exit potential security and stabilization problems in such large system. The wide area sychncronized phasor measurement system is a powerful tool for power system monitoring and control, which can gather the real-time dynamic information of the power grids.This dissertation addresses two main issues for the power system: development of a new wide area real-time sychncronized phasor measurement system and how to improve the real-time character of the measurement system.A new wide area real-time sychncronized phasor measurement system is proposed and implemented, which consist of a dispatch system, reference measurement station, power plant and transformer substation measurement station , and real-time communication system. The new measurement system could measure all the generator power angels and potential, the substation bus voltage and current phasors in 20 milliseconds and the breaker state in 10 milliseconds. The control decisions could also be sent to destination is 10 milliseconds.The evolution attenuator factor is introduced into the genetic algorithm, which enables a new adaptive genetic algorithm to adjust the possibilities of crossover and mutation adaptively according to both the individual fitness and evolution generations. Another new meta-heuristic approach called Adaptive Stochastic Perturbing Ant Colony System is also presented. Both algorithms are applied to optimize the Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) placement problem and fulfill the requirement of minimizing the number of PMUs in the system while keeping the all nodes phasor observable. A homotopy training method for the Wavelet Neural Network (WNN) is used to overcome the lower convergency speed of the gradient-based or Newton training method of the WNN. The homotopy-WNN is applied to the multi-step prediction of the reference phase angle and generator power angel and the prediction accuracy fulfill the requirement.A wide area real-time communication system is also constructed for the measurement system. In a 1000km range and 50 nodes provincial system, the communication system could transmit 100 bytes packet and 1000 bytes packet in 10 and 20 milliseconds respectively.The CompactPCI bus phasor measurement unit industrial device is developed. The device can measure the voltage and current phasor and generator power angle, and also province local output of the control signals.