Study On Urban Parking Facilities' Planning Methods

Along with the social and economic development and the rapid increase of motor vehicles in China (especially the private cars), the parking problems become increasingly serious in many cities. This paper studies on the methods of cars and bicycles' parking planning, aiming at the sticking point of parking problems and the weak sector of the parking theory study.Firstly this paper studies the factors that influence the parking demand such as population;spatial structure and traffic flows' attract. With regard to parking demand prediction, the author designs five different models and their amendatory algorithm with different parking characteristics. Then, the standard of building's parking lots is discussed. Based on summarizing the successful methods of several countries (region), this paper gives the approaches of how to calculate the parking generation among different land uses and urban buildings.Based on the ideology of sustainable development, this paper analyzes the mutual influence of parking supply and land-use and the relation between parking supply and traffic, then studies the relationship between parking supply and demand. Using for reference of other countries, this paper tries to work out the puzzle of parking supply under the situation of our country. At the end of this section, a process of macro-parking planning method was designed.By investigating the car parking and the parkers' behavior decision-making in Suzhou and Shanghai City, this paper analyzes the parking characteristics with different size of city and different parking purpose. The preferential compositor of the behavior attributes is educed. The tolerant values of the attributes and the evaluation index of parking service level are discussed, which can be used to select the evaluation targets of parking planning.The way of how to classify the parking facilities is very important for parking planning. This paper assorts the park whit different aspects such as service object, parking location, parking style and management. After analyzing the applicability of the park's construction, we get the conclusion that we must select different parking styles in different urban land use.Then this paper researches the optimal parking location, sizing and construction methods in macroscopically and microcosmic aspects. Under the condition of severely restrict land use, the author designs a restraint multi-object planning model, and use transportation planning and object planning algorithms to solve the problem. If the land use in planning area can be used freely, the author designs a non-restraint non-linermodel. After compared the applicability of different algorithms, the author selects and designs the genetic algorithm to solve the problem.The layout of Parking planning also influences the traffic flow on the road. This paper applies the queue theory, traffic flow models and traffic capacity methods to design the numbers and length of entryway and the standard of the way out in different traffic flow on the road.How to appraise the parking planning is also very important in parking research system. This paper analyzes the evaluation attributes of urban park's planning, then quantifies some fuzzy variables in the whole attributes. After standardizing the multi-object decision matrix, this paper designs an iterative model to calculate and select the best parking plans from others and apply this method to Shanghai Pu Dong new district's parking planning as an example.Finally, the paper compares with motor vehicles parking and bicycles parking facilities, assorts the bicycle parking styles with different aspects. Then, based on the investigation of parker's behavior choice and its preferential compositor, the author gives the methods of how to program the bicycle parking facilities. After concluding the whole contents of this paper, the author tries to show some prospects of parking planning in the future.