The Research And Application On The Support Of Conceptual Design Of Architectural Shape

The study of conceptual design is an important research field in architectural design theory, in which the conceptual design of architectural curved surface shape is an organic part. Although surface modeling has achieved tremendous progress, there are still some shortcomings. For example, inadequate innovation, lack of intelligent design tools to support it, prodigious workload for designers, and low design efficiency. Therefore, a new method consistent by fractal and a binary-tree-coding genetic algorithm was proposed in this study. This method was focused on solving the problems of the lack of intelligent tools and the lack of innovativeness. In this paper, the major subjects we worked at are summarized as below:â’ˆBSEFAD model for top surface shaping of the structure was proposed in this paper. First, elliptic paraboloid, hyperbolic paraboloid and unparted hyperboloid were chosen as the initial patterns. Then based on fractal tree and point selection rules for Sierpinski settings, the derived shape was endowned with certain fractal characteristics by applying the point selection rules. The advantages of this model are listed as follows: first, the derivation process was automatic, requiring no participation of the designers, thus reducing the workload of the designers; second, the shape derived from this model was novel and creative in pattern. However, the fixity of the initial pattern of BSEFAD model leads to insufficient innovativeness without consideration of mechanical rationality of the structure. To overcome this defect, IBSEFAD model was further proposed. By modifying the settings of initial pattern, IBSEFAD model changed the fixed three curved surface into random curved surfaces generated from the binary-tree-coding genetic algorithm. By this means, the innovative insufficiency of BSEFAD model was addressed; furthermore, the curved surface structure was optimized from the perspective of structural mechanics, which checked mechanical irrationality of BSEFAD model.â’‰WDMA (Architectural Wall Design Model) was proposed for wall model; it defined the initial polyhedron surrounded by convex space through linear inequality. To complete wall modeling the spatial relationship of the initial polyhedron needed to be defined. Given the special property of architectural objects, spatial relationships was limited to intersection relationship, which included boundary connection. There were two approaches to define spatial relationship: first, manual setting by users and random setting by a computer. Vector spatial positioning rule was used to determine the validity of spatial relationship; if valid, then two derivation rules for two patterns were implemented iteratively to have different shapes, with their difference arising from the difference in the number of derivative iteration.â’ŠThe top surface components and wall components of the structure obtained from the derivation were saved in the database. During the selection of components from the database, two approaches, namely, manual search and auto search methods were set according to the requirements. The manual search method could be obtained from the designers'experience, but had low efficiency. Therefore, auto search method was further adopted. The architectural components obtained through search could be assembled to generate architectural shape either by manual operation or by auto operation in accordance with the rules.â’‹Architectural appearance evaluation system based on FAHP was constructed. First, the hierarchical chart of indexes for the evaluation of architectural appearance was drawn. Then, the weight of each index was calculated, while correcting the conflict of expert opinions. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation index function combining expert evaluation and intention was developed, and the results could function as the basis for architectural design.â’ŒAt last, architectural shape of the architecture at the bank of Yingxue Lake in Shandong University of Architecure and Engineering was selected and set. An alternative plan that fitted the surrounding environment with higher evaluation was chosen. This case preliminarily verified the correctness and validity of the architectural shape presented in this paper.Points of innovation of this paper are as followse:â’ˆBSEFAD model and IBSEFAD model for top surface design of the architecture were proposed. The derivative curved surfaces were optimized based on the evolution idea ,by combining fractal and binary-tree-coding genetic algorithm.â’‰WDMA (Architectural Wall Design Model) was proposed for wall design based on linear inequalities, vector space positioning method and fractal.â’ŠA new method for automatic assembly of single building was proposed. In this method, a set of rules for single building assembly was first designed. Then top surface and walls were obtained according to multi-times iterative assembly rules, so as to get different shapes of single building.In this paper, the intelligence and innovation issues in both the aspects of theory and application for the curved surface design of first-class building were discussed. The result indicated that this model was able to improve the efficiency and innovativeness of curved surface design of the architecture; the integration of fractal with binary-tree-coding genetic algorithm for conceptual design was a breakthrough of traditional architectural design, and it would also provide some assistance to generate more useful ideas in the future development of architecture.