The Philosophical Reflection On Disasters

The disaster question has been major issue puzzling the human survival and development. Along with the science and technology widespread application and economic globalization's steep competition, this disaster contradiction is more prominent. In the modern significance's disaster was already not in the traditional significance disaster, its harm degree not only created the destruction to the personnel property, moreover had ruinous and global latent threat to the human survival .Regarding this serious global question, we must make the humanity to pay attention highly and to ponder. This article precisely stands in the universe benefit, the universe survival benefit and the universe sustainable survival benefit angle, takes the Marxist philosophy basic concept as the instruction, carries on the comprehensive philosophical reflection to the puzzled human survival's global disaster question. Confronting the impersonal fact that the human lacks disaster consciousness and the disaster consciousness becomes indifferent dim, it guides the humanity when processes the person and the nature relations, to establish the correct disaster world outlook, the values and the methodology, in order to standardize human behavior and reduce the conflicts between the person and the nature, to make a contribution to accord development of humankind and nature.First, disaster's ontology pressToday with the human society developing, the disaster is becoming the most enormous threat to the humanity. How many does the humanity know to the disaster? What will it bring to the human being when the disaster come into being, evaluate and diversify? What is disaster's substantive characteristics? What kind of threat does the disaster pose to the humanity? All these questions need us to carry on the reconsideration from the philosophy angle. Taking the disaster as cognition objective and carrying on the ontology to press, its goal is to lay the foundation of the disaster epistemology for the humankind to learn about the disaster for the humanity and establish the correct natural view through uncovering the disaster's substantive characteristics and the cause rule. From the research for person's disaster, the disaster history evolvement, the disaster to endanger the human survival and the contemporary disaster cause rule, speaking of the disaster, it is a relative concept, is the relative person's disaster. The disaster changes along with the human advancement. The disaster concentrates to humanity's destruction in person's living environment, the production subsistence means and person's safety and the human security. The contemporary disaster presents the new characteristic, threatens the tendency to the humanity more stern.Second, disaster's epistemology resolutionThe disaster endangering the human survival becomes the fact. But how does the disaster form and which factors are relevant to the disaster cause? Our research indicates that the disaster causes correlation factor concrete manifestation in: disasters and folk custom, disaster and cultural context, disaster and technical level, disaster and economic system, disaster and ideology, disaster and person's life view, disaster and nature evolution, disaster and natural environment, disaster and society operational guidance and so on. But the different folk custom tradition, the cultural perspective, the technical method, the ideology, the economic system and person's cognition level, the values, the natural view and the world outlook and so on produce the different impact on the disaster. This article emphasis on the analysis of the human to the natural opposition, the folk custom to the disaster, the life view to the disaster, the administrative action to disaster, to reveal the impact of disaster factor for the disaster. It builds the foundation to find out root causes which the disaster forms.Third, the disaster's root causesThe disaster has become the worldwide key problem. Specially the contemporary disaster, as a result of the modern industry and science's and technology's negative effects, namely the artificial natural disaster such as the acid rain, the greenhouse effect, the ozone hole and the nuclear pollution and so on, is attacking by the unusual condition to the humanity. Its destructive force surpasses the earthquake and the hurricane. The new disaster threat can send the humanity in the deconstruction. Then, what is the root that these disasters cause? Based on the thoroughly comprehensive system analysis of disaster factors, this article, from person's main body status, person's value orientation, person's capital pursue and the human subjective motile angles of view and so on, dredge up the root causes of disaster. It points out that person's main body status loses, human's value orientation variation, the capital infinite extension and the human subjective motile clear-up are the main rootstock which cause the disaster. The humanity must establish the correct disaster cognition to reconstruct and standardize the human behavior.Fourth, the disaster defending concept reconstructionSince the human initiates disaster's crucial factor, human's thought guidance and the value orientation decides whether person's behavior does violate the disaster rule, then it is no doubt to reconstruct person's disaster view to control the disaster to play the instruction and the standard role. The humanity has ability to control the disaster. The humanity should obtain from the subjective consciousness, the construction conforms to the objective reality damage control view, to realize the person and the natural accord development creation good essential condition. This must be from the foundation scientific disaster view, the standard humanity practice the behavior, improves the population damage control quality, strengthens angles and so on social system specification management to conduct the methodology basic research, deals with the disaster for the humanity to provide the scientific countermeasure and the methodology instruction. The creation of disaster view is advantageous to understand the disaster rule, further to standardize human activity in the course of production and life practice. Through the improvement and the repair frail living environment, and integrating the sustainable development is the fundamental measure to reduce disaster's.Fifth, disaster reconsideration's value significanceQuestioning disaster is to know the disaster hypostasis and in-depth root, to reveal the disaster causes, to grasp the countermeasure against disaster. However, reconsidering the disaster is to take the disaster consequence as the cognition object to conduct inverse system's philosophy research. Carrying on the philosophy reconsideration to the disaster, the disaster demonstrates as the thought disaster, the behavior disaster and the value disaster. The disaster reconsideration's value significance lies in: for the thought disaster, it should solve the problem on how to control the thought disaster so that the disaster subjective cognition is to be changed from passitive to initiative, from the negative to the positive. It provides the world outlook to understand disaster to the humanity; In view of the behavior disaster, it is to control person's behavior through the role of subjective intentions to make the behavior standardization and provide the humanity defeats disaster's methodology; Regarding the value disaster, it is to make the personal behavior goal and the human goal harmonized and provides the humanity with the value against disaster. The goal of this article is to learn about disaster, deal with the disaster and defeat disaster's goal. It conducts a prevention utility research for the thought disaster, the behavior disaster and the value disaster: (1) provides world outlook to understand disaster; (2) provides methodology to defeat disaster; (3) provides values to deal with disaster; (4) realizes the person and the nature accord development.In brief, through the logical thinking and the dialectical thought's analysis, the disaster essence, the cause root and the prevention and control countermeasure is taken as the philosophy understanding the object, to uncover the root cause of conflict between humankind and nature. It points out that the humanity should reduce the conflict positively to avoid the disaster producing and realize the humankind and the nature accord development gradually through improving person's comprehensive quality and developing the subjective initiative,...