| In the fields on anthropology and nonhuman primates, the researches on the role of the second dimorphism in tooth size and metapodials have been highly focused on all the time. Through some methods such as observing, measuring, comparing on some teeth variables and metapodials of Macaca mulatta, this research work tries to probe into co-cariations of morphologic characteristic and sex dimporphism with the skull (or long bones). In doing so, we can speculate some problems such as the behavior, ecology, food and evolution of Macaca mulatta, which provide the basic theory for the role of tooth in fossil and accumulate the data for the theoretical research and protection of primates.In this thesis, the main variables of tooth and metapadials of the adult Macaca mulatta specimen in the Taihang Mountain were studied by survey, the comparison and the statistical analysis. Specifically, 44 specimens of the teeth (16 males, 28 females) and 51 specimen of the metapodial (16 males, 35 females) were reported to be from the Taihang Mountain. The measured data were analyzed by means of one-way ANOVA, discriminant analysis, bivariate correlation, allometry analysis. The variable characteristic, the sexual dimorphism, the growth development rule and so on were obserbed. The main experimental results were as follows:1. Tooth size dimorphism(1) Canine field of sexual dimorphism in tooth size including the teeth adjacent to the canines were viewed as the tooth with the greatest sexual dimorphism, especially in the mean mesiodistal diameter. The greater the canine sex dimorphism, the greater the sexual dimorphism of adjacent teeth.(2) The results of partial correlation indicated that canines had a little influence on the teeth adjacent to the canine. And the teeth of within morphologic classes showed greater similarity in size than that exhibited among different classes. The correlation of canine variables to the skull length was higher; but the correlation of canine variables to the third molar MD was lower.(3) The discriminant analysis indicated that the correct sex discriminant rates in all of tooth variables, the crown area, the mesiodistal crown diameter and buccolingual crown diameter reached 89.63%, 86.25%, 81.90% and 71.95% respectively. The sexual dimorphism was most prominent among Macaca mulatta tooth size. The degrees of sex dimorphism of different tooth variables or their positions were different and the existence of such a canine field of sexual dimorphism was easily confirmed by reviewing the data in this thesis.2. Metapodial dimorphism(1) In this study, the relative length of the metapodials (including the fingers and toes) in Macaca mulatta males and females were investigated. There were obvious differences between the Macaca mulatta and other primates in their ordering of lengths of metacarpals. The ordering of lengths of metacarpal for both left and right, from longest to shortest, was 2>4>3>5>1, and this was true was for both sexes. There were no differences between 2Mc and 5Mc of the lengths for metacarpal, and there was also no differences between 2Mt and 5Mt, 3Mt and 4Mt the lengths for the metatarsal.(2) Inspection of the results in this paper revealed that direction of sex difference was generally different for lower and higher order ratios. For the lower order ratios, the length ratios for the females were generally smaller were than those for the males, but for the higher order ratios, the length ratios for the females were generally larger than those for the males.(3) Sexual diacriminant functions were constructed by mean of Fisher's method. The statistical test showed that the correct sex discriminant rates for both the metacarpals and metatarsals reached 100.0% by Enter independent together method and 92.3% by Stepwise method respectively. The Stepwise discriminant analysis confirmed that the functions were suitable and higher (>90%) for sexual dimorphism of metapodials, and it suggested their higher applicative values in practice.
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