Study Of Bio-Chemical Signaling Molecule

Organisms are related by signaling chemicals. It is demonstrated that volatile compounds released by plants are acted as signaling transferring. Plant infested by herbivores and virus could produce signal chemicals. Recent research work demonstrated that these airborne signaling compounds could transfer among plants to induce systemic acquired resistance. Moreover, plant could also identify the type of infections and could release different chemicals as signaling. Even they were able to attract enemies of the herbivores to eliminate the infection. Therefore, it is significant to isolate and identify these signaling compounds. It will be very important to develop new type of pesticides that are better for environment and ecology-system. Bio-chemical relation exists in not only plants but also human body. Human disease is related to the biomarkers in blood, urine and breath. Diagnosis of disease could be performed by analysis of these bio-chemical signals. Biomedicine is being developed as a key pot, in which analytical chemistry, life science and medicine etc are combined. Development of chromatography and mass spectrometry technique for diagnosis of severe diseases is an important branch of biomedicine. Diabetes and lung cancer are two severe diseases, it is significant to develop new methods such as blood and breath analysis for finding biomarkers and application to early diagnosis of diabetes and lung cancer.Gas chromatography has been used for analysis of airborne signaling compounds among plants and biomarkers in breath. However, gas chromatograph has large volume and needs much analysis time, it could not meet with field and high-speed analysis of bio- chemical signals. Therefore, manufacture of portable and micro GC is pressing.In this thesis, tomato defense response to TMV was studied. At first, we developed a series of novel methods for determination of plant-signalling compounds such as salicylic acid and methyl salicylate. And then, we applied these methods to tomato defense response to TMV. For the first time, we found that MeSA is an airborne signaling compound in tomato defense response to TMV. In this thesis, novel methods were developed for accurate analysis of acetone in breath and blood. We demonstrated that it is feasible to diagnose diabetes by breath analysis. Investigation of biomarkers related to diabetes and lung cancer was carried out by blood and breath analysis. We also developed new method of solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for analysis of volatile compounds in blood. Comparative analysis of blood from controls and lung cancer patients was performed and two markers of hexanal and heptanal were found for the first time. Further development of SPME with on-fiber derivatization was carried out for determination of aldehydes in blood. The results obtained also proved the former finding. Considering the need of field and fast analysis of bio-chemical signals, we manufactured micro portable GC. Finally, we used the micro GC to fast analysis of acetone in breath and signaling compounds in tomato response to TMV.The dissertation consists of five chapters and the contents are summarized as following:In this first chapter, research development of bio-chemical signals was interviewed. It is demonstrated that investigation of plant signaling compounds is very important to develop new type of pesticides that are better for environment and ecology-system. Lung cancer and diabetes are two mortal diseases in the world, so development of chemical molecule diagnosis technique for warning of the two diseases has great significance. Analysis method for bio-chemical signals was reviewed and it was pointed out that development of portable micro GC for field and high-speed analysis of bio-chemical signals is pressing.In the chapter two, at first, we developed a series of novel methods for determination of plant-signalling compounds including SA and MeSA: (1) GC-MS with derivatization for determination of SA in tomato leaves was developed, which has advanta...