| The concept of alternatives to animal experimentation is that the reduction is defined as a means of lowering the number of animal used in scientific research, replacement as the methods which permit a given purpose to be achieved without conducting experiments or other scientific procedures on animal, and refinement as any development leading to a decrease in the incidence or severity of inhumane procedures applied to those animals and/or enrich the living condition for animal, so as to alleviate the pain, suffering and distress, or enhance the animal well-being. The Three Rs is abbreviated from Reduction, Replacement and Refinement.Having the history of more than 40 years, the achievement of research on alternatives to animal experimentation has been obtained and widely applied in many fields including scientific approach (research work) and regulatory testing. The research on alternative methods not only alleviates the contradiction between animal experimentation and "animal right", but also increases the methods employed in scientific research, open up scientific thinking, solve the scientific problem which can't be solved with routine ways, and promote the development of science. Applied as the technological barrier in international trade, the achievement of Three Rs plays an important role in national economical development.Combined with research task, "Prospective study on alternatives of laboratory animal in China"(2000-2001), "Barrier in international trade-research on alternatives of laboratory animal" (2000-2001), "The Research on laboratory animal welfare and technological guideline, which is equivalent with international rule" (2002-2005), the thesis focused its statement, from two level of scientific progress and economical development, on the significance, necessity and imperativeness of Three Rs carried out in our country, based on collection .collation and analysis of the developing course, mode, influence factors and trends in Three Rs. The approach on overall thinking, support condition and effective operation in different stage, which is benefit to advance the progress of Three Rs research, has been made. The priority field of Three Rs research is also proposed in the thesis.The thesis based its statement on the research and/or analysis at six aspects.1. Thoroughly studied and analyzed the formation of Three Rs theory, the developing course of alternative research and the factors related with the development of Three Rs abroad based on the viewpoints of animal protection, progress of science and technology, and development of economy. The current status and problems exited in Three Rs research in our country have also been analyzed comprehensively.2. On the basis of exposition for the close relationship between the animal experimentation, Three Rs and animal welfare in the field of science, it is proposed that Three Rs is the core of laboratory animal welfare. To promote Three Rs research and apply the achievements of its research in practice is a feasible way for putting laboratory animal welfare into effect in China, and also is the key point for us to implement laboratory animal welfare in the scientific field.3. Having analyzed the present regulation system in laboratory animal management, pointing out that it is important and imperative to make laws for laboratory animal welfare. Firstly proposed the five basic principles and main content, which should be followed when formulating the laws.4. Drawing on and assimilating the successful experience abroad, the overall development thinking of Three Rs research is proposed after research, on current status and developing demand of Three Rs in our country, has been thoroughly conducted. The priority measures, which include legislation and policy for science and technology, advanced management mode, the system of research and validation, education and training, enterprise's support and administration organization are strongly recommended.5. Based on the study of developing mode of Three Rs abroad, giving a new idea...
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