| Objective:To investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia and diabetes mellitus among the elder in Hong Yun community of Kunming,and analyze the influencing factors to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia and diabetes mellitus among the elderly in the community.Methods:From July 2021 to August 2022,we collected the elder who participated in physical examinations at the Kunming Hongyun Community Health Service Center.Socio-demographic characteristics of the study subjects were collected(name,gender,age,education level,marital status,whether they lived alone,etc.);lifestyle characteristics(smoking,drinking,tea drinking,taste,edible oil preference,etc.);and illnesses of various diseases(hypertension,diabetes mellitus,hyperlipoidemia,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events,diseases of various systems,tumors,surgery,etc.).Detection of height,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,calculation of BMI,waist-to-hip ratio,blood pressure and grip strength,and 5-time chair stand test and 6-meter walk speed test physical fitness tests.After fasting for 8hours in the morning,fasting venous blood was drawn from the subjects at 8 am to check blood routine,blood biochemistry,glucose metabolism,and vitamin D levels.The prevalence of sarcopenia and diabetes mellitus were diagnosed according to Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 and China Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Prevention and Treatment Guidelines 2020.The study subjects were stratified by age groups of60-69 years,70-79 years,and ≥80 years to compare the differences in body fat rate,physical fitness test,muscle strength,disease status,and biochemical indexes;and then divided into healthy control group,sarcopenia group,diabetes group,and sarcopenia combined with diabetes group according to sarcopenia and diabetes or not,to compare the differences in related indexes between groups,and multi-factor logistic regression analysis of factors influencing sarcopenia.Results:(1)The incidence rate of sarcopenia and diabetes mellitus: 483 cases of elderly people were investigated,including 205 males and 278 females,aged(69.04±5.89)years.Sarcopenia: 106 cases were found,with 52 males and 54 females.The incidence rate of sarcopenia was 21.95%,25.37% and 19.42% in males and females respectively,and the incidence rate increased gradually with increasing age(16.43%at 60-69 years,vs.27.38% at 70-79 years,vs.44.83% at ≥80 years).Diabetes mellitus:118 cases,including 25 new cases of diabetes mellitus,incidence rate of diabetes mellitus 24.43%,incidence rate of males and females 28.78% and 21.22%,respectively.(2)Comparison of age groups: body fat percentage,VFA,FPG,Scr,UA,and solitary rate gradually increased with increasing age,and 25 OHVit D and LDL-C gradually decreased,with statistically significant differences(P < 0.05).(1)Body fat percentage(34.07±6.46 vs.35.59±6.75 vs.36.67±6.49)%,VFA [93.70(73.68,123.63)vs.101.00(78.40,129.70)vs.113.00(89.00,136.05)] cm2,FPG(5.06±1.72 VS5.37±1.76 vs 6.03±2.48)mmol/L,BUN [5.12(4.35,5.90)vs 5.59(4.45,6.56)vs 5.36(4.41,7.38)] umol/L,Scr [75.45(65.03,87.85)vs 79.60(68.10 94.10)vs.80.60(72.45,104.75)]umol/L,UA [358.15(304.78,418.00)vs.372.70(317.98,451.65)vs.383.30(292.70,452.350)]umol/L.(2)25OHVit D [45.00(36.95,57.38)vs 40.90(32.50,52.50)vs 36.00(27.95,51.35)] nmol/L,LDL-C(3.17±0.86 vs 2.98±0.90 vs2.80±1.01)mmol/L.(3)Comparison between healthy control,sarcopenia,diabetes,and sarcopenia combined with diabetes group:(1)age,6-meter walk speed test,increasing orderly from healthy control,diabetes,sarcopenia to sarcopenia with diabetes: age(68.37 ±5.61,vs.68.98 ± 5.98,vs.70.46 ± 6.14,vs.72.21 ± 6.43)years;6 m walk [5.40(4.62,.6.53),VS5.43(4.7,6.63),VS6.12(5.35,7.17),VS6.13(4.88,7.31)]s,P < 0.05.(2)Grip strength declined sequentially in healthy control,diabetes,sarcopenia combined with diabetes,and sarcopenia,respectively [23.77(19.62,30.86),VS23.07(17.04,29.26),VS 20.82(16.99,24.13),VS 20.78(17.47,24.87)] kg,P < 0.05.(3)BMI,body fat percentage,and ASMI were decreasing in diabetes,healthy control,sarcopenia combined with diabetes,and sarcopenia,in the following order: BMI(25.55 ± 3.24,VS 25.05 ± 3.15,VS 22.66±2.60,VS 22.16±2.48)kg/m2,P< 0.05;body fat percentage(35.72±6.82,VS 35.34±6.44,VS 33.00±6.43,VS 32.13±6.32)%,P <0.05;ASMI [6.88(6.20,7.86),VS 6.57(6.00,70.32),VS 5.69(5.46,6.68),VS 5.62(5.39,6.44)]kg/m2,P < 0.05.(4)VFA,UA,and TG were decreasing in diabetes,healthy control,sarcopenia,and sarcopenia combined with diabetes,in the following order: VFA [105.00(74.03,132.68),VS VS99.80(79.40,129.60),VS83.20(65.65,114.15),VS82.50(60.60,117.50)] cm2,P < 0.05;UA[400.85(337.80,447.73),VS360.30(311.60,426.20),VS 355.05(303.13,401.43),VS 349.45(278.05,465.68)] umol/L,P < 0.05;TG [1.83(1.40,2.75),VS 1.71(1.23,2.47),VS 1.39(1.03,2.11,VS 1.36(1.14,2.09)] mmol/L,P < 0.05.(5)FPG and Hb A1 c were decreasing in sarcopenia combined with diabetes,diabetes,healthy control,and sarcopenia,in the following order: FPG(7.18 ± 2.58,VS 6.91 ± 2.78,VS 4.67 ± 0.77,VS 4.65 ± 0.83)mmol/L,P < 0.05;Hb A1c(7.32 ±1.60,VS 7.17±1.42,VS 5.96±0.66 VS,5.86±0.46)%,P<0.05.(6)HDL-C increased sequentially in diabetes,healthy control,combined diabetes and sarcopenia with [1.25(1.04,1.48)],VS [1.32(1.11,1.56)],VS [1.34(1,1.64)],VS [1.41(1.17,1.65)] mmol/L,P < 0.05.(4)Healthy control vs.Sarcopenia group: age,6-meter walk speed test,grip strength,BMI,body fat percentage,VFA,ASMI,TG,statistically significant differences(P < 0.05).Healthy control vs.Diabetes group: FPG,Hb A1 c,solitary in,the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).Healthy control vs.Sarcopenia combined with diabetes group: age,BMI,ASMI,FPG,Hb A1 c,solitary in,with statistically significant differences between groups(P <0.05).Sarcopenia vs.Diabetes group:BMI,body fat rate,VFA,ASMI,FPG,Hb A 1 c,UA,TG,HDL-C,solitary,with statistically significant differences(P <0.05).Sarcopenia vs.Sarcopenia combined with diabetes group: FPG,Hb A 1 c,solitary,with significant differences(P <0.05).(5)Multifactorial logistic regression analysis suggested that age gain(OR=1.110,95% CI=1.057-1.165,P<0.001),grip strength(OR=0.926,95% CI=0.892-0.961,P<0.001),BMI(OR=0.479,95% CI=0.392-0.584,P< 0.001),body fat percentage(OR=0.889,95% CI=0.832-0.951,P=0.001),VFA(OR=1.042,95% CI=1.025-1.059,P<0.001),age and VFA were positively associated with the illness of sarcopenia,and grip strength,BMI,and body fat percentage were negatively associated with the illness of sarcopenia.Conclusions:(1)The incidence rate of sarcopenia gradually increases with age,and the incidence rate of young elderly people aged 60-69 is lower than that of elderly people aged 80 years or older.It is necessary to strengthen the understanding of people who have just reached their old age with sarcopenia,and guide the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia specifically to reduce the harm of sarcopenia.(2)Body fat percentage,VFA,FPG,Scr,UA,and solitary gradually increased with increasing age,and 25 OHVit D,height,and LDL-C levels gradually decreased.(3)Logistic regression analysis found that age and VFA were positively associated with the inllness of sarcopenia,and grip strength,BMI,and body fat percentage were negatively associated with the inllness of sarcopenia.(4)Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among the elderly in this community,so we should strengthen the dietary intake to supplement vitamin D,increase the amount of sunlight for outdoor activities,improve the vitamin D level and enhance the quality of life of the elderly. |
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