Study On The Current Situation And Related Factors Of Job Satisfaction Among Emergency Physicians In China

Objective: To analyze the current situation and related factors of job satisfaction among emergency physicians in China and determine the path relationship between workfamily conflict,positive emotion,negative emotion and job satisfaction,so as to provide empirical evidence for improving the job satisfaction of emergency physicians in China.Methods: From July to August 2018,with the assistance of the Medical Administration Bureau of the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China,a nationwide questionnaire survey of emergency physicians was conducted.A total of 10,457 emergency physicians completed the questionnaire.The questionnaire mainly included demographic characteristics,job characteristics,job satisfaction scale,work-family conflict scale,positive affect scale and negative affect scale.Firstly,reliability and validity tests were carried out on each scale to ensure its applicability.Then,according to the average scores of each item in the job satisfaction scale,the current situation of emergency physicians in China was described(the full score is 4,less than 3 was considered "not satisfied",and greater than or equal to 3 was considered "satisfied").The single factor analysis,correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to identify the related factors of job satisfaction among emergency physicians.Finally,the path relationship among workfamily conflict,positive affect,negative affect and job satisfaction was analyzed by constructing structural equation model.Results:1、The reliability and validity of the scales:work-family conflict scale,positive affect scale,negative affect scale and the revised job satisfaction scale had good reliability in this study.The Cronbach’s α coefficients of these scales were 0.93,0.90,0.87 and 0.89,respectively.At the same time,the confirmatory factor analysis models of all scales were well adapted and had good structural validity.2、The current situation of emergency physicians’ job satisfaction: a total of 10,457 emergency physicians were included in this study,and the average score of the five items in the job satisfaction scale was 2.06±0.66,indicating that the overall satisfaction was low.A total of 9,349 emergency physicians(89.4%)were dissatisfied with their jobs,and there were only 1,108 emergency physicians(10.6%)who were satisfied with their jobs.3、The related factors of emergency physicians’ job satisfaction: The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,marital status,hospital level and average monthly income were not significantly related to the job satisfaction among emergency physicians.Compared with the eastern region,the job satisfaction of emergency physicians in central region(B=0.26,P<0.05)and western region(B=0.17,P<0.05)were higher.Female(B=0.14,P < 0.05),junior college or below(B=0.42,P < 0.05)and senior professional title(B=0.27,P<0.05)predicted higher job satisfaction.More than 6 years of emergency work(B=-0.32,P<0.05),more than 11 times/month of night shift frequency(B=-0.29,P<0.05),self-rated job promotion difficulty(B=-0.14,P<0.05),self-rated physician shortages in departments(B=-0.82,P<0.05),having suffered verbal violence in the last year(B=-0.56,P<0.05)and having suffered physical violence in the last year(B=-0.23,P<0.05)predicted lower job satisfaction.In addition,work-family conflict(B=-0.20,P<0.05)and negative affect(B=-0.10,P<0.05)could negatively predict job satisfaction.Positive affect(B=0.28,P<0.05)could positively predict job satisfaction.4、The path relationship among work-family conflict,positive affect,negative affect and job satisfaction: The direct effect of work-family conflict on job satisfaction was-0.27,accounting for 50.9% of the total effect(-0.53).In addition,work-family conflict could also indirectly influence job satisfaction through the mediating roles of positive affect and negative affect.The mediating effect of positive affect was-0.19,accounting for 35.8% of the total effect.The mediating effect of negative affect was 0.07,accounting for 13.2% of the total effect.Conclusions: Chinese emergency physicians’ job satisfaction was low.Job satisfaction was significantly correlated with their demographic characteristics and job characteristics.Work-family conflict could not only directly and negatively affect job satisfaction,but also indirectly affect job satisfaction through the mediating roles of positive affect and negative affect.It was suggested that hospital administration departments should take targeted measures to comprehensively improve the emergency physicians’ job satisfaction by broadening promotion channels,increasing recruitment,improving doctor-patient relationship and enhancing salary and treatment.In addition,hospital administration departments need to the alleviate emergency physicians’ work-family conflict,increase their positive affect and decrease their negative affect,so as to reduce the direct and indirect impacts of work-family conflict on job satisfaction.