Study On The Spatial Distribution Of Elderly Population And Institutional Pension Resources In Shanxi Province

Objective:In the context of population aging,the pressure of China’s elderly and medical problems has increased dramatically,and the demand for institutional pension resources has continued to increase,but China’s institutional pension resources are facing the problem of insufficient total amount,and the demand for pension services of some elderly people cannot be met,and the gap of institutional pension resources is prominent,therefore,the reasonable allocation of institutional pension resources is important to solve the contradiction between supply and demand of pension services.Taking Shanxi province as an example,this study aims to optimize the allocation of limited institutional pension resources,analyze the allocation of institutional pension resources in Shanxi province through the study of the spatial matching relationship between the elderly population and institutional pension resources and the accessibility of pension service resources in Shanxi province,and provide a scientific basis for decision making to achieve a balance between supply and demand of institutional pension resources in Shanxi province and realize equality in the accessibility of institutional pension resources for the elderly.Methods:The current situation of elderly population and institutional pension resources was analyzed by descriptive statistics method;the spatial correlation characteristics of elderly population and institutional pension resources were identified by using spatial autocorrelation analysis method;the spatial matching relationship between institutional pension resources and elderly population in Shanxi Province was analyzed by using geographic concentration and inconsistency index;the spatial accessibility of institutional pension resources in Shanxi Province was evaluated by using Gaussian based 2-step floating catchment area(2SFCA)method The spatial accessibility of institutional pension resources in Shanxi Province was evaluated using Gaussian two-step moving search method.Results:(1)The aging in different regions of Shanxi Province differs significantly,with the large size of the elderly population in the central and southern regions and a higher proportion of the elderly population in the northern region.99.1% of the regions have already entered the aging stage,and 60.6% of the regions have already entered the middle and late stages of aging,which is serious.There is a significant positive spatial correlation in the distribution of the elderly population,showing a strong spatial aggregation.(2)There are large disparities in institutional pension resources in various regions of Shanxi Province.The areas with high values of the number of county pension institutions in Shanxi Province are mainly distributed in some counties in Yuncheng City and Linfen City,and tertiary hospitals show a multi-point aggregation distribution,mainly in Taiyuan City;the high values of the number of beds in pension institutions are mainly distributed along the northeast-southwest axis.There is spatial correlation in the distribution of institutional pension resources,and the aggregation of low value of institutional pension resources is higher than that of high value of institutional pension resources.(3)The areas with high value of geographic concentration of elderly population in Shanxi Province are also the areas with high value of geographic concentration index of institutional pension resources,which indicates that the construction of institutional pension resources in Shanxi Province is synchronized with the distribution of elderly population,and there is a moderate positive correlation between geographic concentration of elderly population and geographic concentration of institutional pension resources in Shanxi Province;there are large differences in spatial matching relationships in different regions,and most regions have institutional pension resources lagging behind the population aging.(4)There are obvious spatial differences in the accessibility of institutional elderly resources in Shanxi Province,with high accessibility in eastern and southwestern areas and low accessibility in western areas,and poor accessibility overall.Under the effective service threshold condition,only 10% of the regions(covering 13% of the population)can meet the target of 30 elderly beds per 1,000 elderly people in the supply of elderly beds,and there is still a big gap in the rest of the regions.Conclusions:The aging of Shanxi Province has further deepened and the elderly population continues to grow.The institutional pension resources allocation in general shows relatively obvious characteristics of agglomeration distribution,and there is a certain matching relationship between institutional pension resources and elderly population distribution,but the matching degree is low;the overall spatial balance of institutional pension resources allocation is poor,and the differences between regions are relatively large,with the accessibility of southern regions higher than that of northern regions.