Extraction Of Polysaccharides And Saponins From Acanthopanax Fruit

Acanthopanax is one of the Chinese herbs can be used in the health food declared by the state,with the effects of improving immunity,anti-oxidation and anti-fatigue.Acanthopanax contains a variety of active components.The study mainly focused on the extraction process of the main active components of Acanthopanax to provide a basis for the industrial development.In this thesis,extraction methods and analysis were used to study the extraction of the polysaccharides and saponins from Acanthopanax fruit.The extraction conditions were optimized by response surface methodology.The extraction process was designed based on the optimized extraction conditions.The study details were as follows:1.The content of polysaccharides in the roots,stems,leaves and fruits of Acanthopanax were determined by UV spectrophotometry.The extraction conditions of polysaccharides by ultrasound-assisted extraction and thermostatic shaking extraction were carried out.The ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions were optimized by Box-Behnken design.The contents of the roots,stems,leaves and fruits are 12.84,19.27,10.69and 24.20 mg/g,respectively.The polysaccharides content of Acanthopanax fruit is significantly higher than the other parts that is valuable to be extracted.The correlation coefficient(R~2)of the model fitted by Box-Behnken design is 0.953,with a significant difference of p<0.0001.The factors order for the polysaccharide yield is temperature>material-liquid ratio>time>ultrasonic power.The optimal condition for the extraction of polysaccharides is extraction temperature at 72℃,extraction time of 58 min,ultrasonic power of 80 W,and material/liquid ratio of 1:17 g/m L.Under this condition,the average yield is 2.84%.The condition for extraction by constant temperature oscillation is extraction time of 2 h,extraction temperature at 70℃,and material-liquid ratio of 1:25 g/m L.Under this condition,the average yield is 2.52%.2.The saponins and polysaccharides were extracted simultaneously using deep eutectic solvent.The optimum condition for the extraction of saponins with deep eutectic solvent was that the water content is 29%,the ratio of material to liquid is 1:25 g/g,the extraction temperature is 49℃and the extraction time is 3.5 h.Under this condition,the extraction amount of saponins is 1.04%and the polysaccharide yield is 3.40%.The degree of influence factors on the extraction of Acanthopanax saponin is extraction temperature>extraction time>material-liquid ratio>water content.The D101macroporous resin was selected to purify the saponins that the optimal condition is the desorption rate of 2 BV/h,the leak point of 45 m L for saponins,and complete resolution of 80 m L.The deep eutectic solvent extraction of polysaccharides was optimized using Central Composite design that the water content in deep eutectic solvent is 40%,the material-liquid ratio is 1:5 g/g,the extraction temperature is 80℃and the extraction time is 2.5 h.Under this condition,the yield of polysaccharides is 5.35%and the yield of saponins is 0.79%.The recovery of deep eutectic solvent is 60%.The factor order influenced the yield of polysaccharides is extraction time>water content>extraction temperature.Density functional theory was used to simulate the extraction mechanism of saponins and polysaccharides with deep eutectic solvent.The interaction among deep eutectic solvent and polysaccharides and saponins ranged from 1.817(?)to 3.101(?).The mainly driving force is strong hydrogen bond.Deep eutectic solvent is effective for the extraction of saponins and polysaccharides from Acanthopanax fruit.3.Based on the optimal extraction condition from the above experimental,a production line with an annual production capacity of 10 t of Acanthopanax polysaccharide and 1.5 t of saponins from 195 t of Acanthopanax fruits was initially designed.Material blance,process flow,workshop layout and plant layout were designed to provide a reference for the enterprise to produce.