Effects Of Shikonin On Main Pathogens Of Periodontitis And Experimental Periodontitis In Mice

Objective: To investigate the effects of shikonin on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum,as well as its anti-inflammatory and bone resorption inhibition abilities in experimental periodontitis in mice.Methods: 1.The MIC and MBC of porphyromonas gingivalis and Clostridium nucleatus to shikonin were determined by double dilution method.2.36 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:normal group,periodontitis model group,2% minocycline hydrochloride group,low consistency(0.125mg/m L)shikonin group,medium consistency(0.25mg/m L)shikonin group and high consistency(0.5mg/m L)shikonin group.The experimental periodontitis model was established by ligating the right upper second molar of mice with silk thread.Local intervention was performed in 2% minocycline hydrochloride group and low,medium and high shikonin concentration groups,and body weight was measured in each group.After seven days,one mouse was selected randomly from the normal group and the periodontitis model group,and killed to confirm the success of the modeling by Mirco-CT.After fourteen days all mice were sacrificed.The right maxilla was made into pathological sections and subjected to HE staining,Sirius red staining and osteoclast TRAP staining,and the serum content of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α was determined by ELISA.Results: 1.The MIC of shikonin against Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum were 0.125mg/m L and 0.25mg/m L,and the MBC were0.5mg/m L and 1.0mg/m L.2.The body weight of experimental mice conforms to the normal growth pattern;HE staining showed that in the drug intervention group,the degree of inflammatory infiltration in periodontal tissue and the amount of alveolar bone loss were less than those in the periodontitis model group,with the highest concentration of shikonin group having the most significant effect;Sirius red staining showed that the arrangement of collagen fibers gradually became dense with the increase of drug concentration;The results of TRAP staining showed that each intervention group had a certain inhibitory effect on the number of alveolar bone osteoclasts;The serum levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in mice determined by ELISA were significantly increased in the periodontitis model group(P<0.05)and decreased in minocycline hydrochloride 2% and medium and high concentrations of shikonin(P<0.05).Conclusions: 1.Shikonin has antibacterial effects on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum to varying degrees.2.Shikonin can alleviate the inflammatory reaction of experimental periodontitis in mice and inhibit bone resorption to some extent,which may be a potential therapeutic drug for periodontitis.