Study On Influencing Factors Of Physical Health And Mental Health Status Of The Elderly In Western Guangxi

Objective: Population aging has become a major social problem facing the world.It is a common challenge for health workers to improve the overall health level of the elderly,maintain the health function of the elderly and realize "healthy aging".In this study,the MOS36 Item Short from Health Survey(SF-36)was used to evaluate the physical and mental health of 2,000 elderly people in western Guangxi,and its influencing factors were analyzed;At the same time,collect physiological and biochemical indicators of the elderly,explore the relationship between body mass index(BMI),blood pressure,blood lipids,fasting blood glucose and physical and mental health of the elderly,and propose corresponding health countermeasures and suggestions for the existing problems,with a view to promoting healthy aging and active aging development,and provide theoretical basis for further improving the overall health level of the elderly.Methods:(1)A multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to select2,000 elderly people aged 60 and above in western Guangxi as the study subjects.The main contents of the survey include the general demographic characteristics and the brief form of health survey(SF-36).This scale contains 36 items,including 9dimensions,of which 8 dimensions are summarized into 2 fields,namely,the field of Physical Component Summary(PCS)and the field of Mental Component Summary(MCS).In addition,the scale also contains another reported health transition(HT),which is used to evaluate the health changes in the past year,and does not participate in scoring.The score of each dimension of the scale is in the range of 0 to 100 points.The level of the score directly reflects the health status of the respondents.The higher the total score is,the better the health status is.Epidata3.1 software is used to establish the database,and SPSS25.0 software is used to carry out statistical analysis and description of the data.The statistical description of the measurement data is expressed by((?)±s),and the comparison between the two groups of measurement data is performed by t test,and the comparison of the mean of multiple samples is performed by analysis of variance.Multi-factor analysis uses multiple linear regression analysis to explore the influencing factors of physical and mental health of the elderly.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(2)A total of 212 elderly people aged 60 and above who underwent routine physical examination in the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities from September 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the study subjects.The health status of the study subjects was investigated through questionnaires.The physical and mental health status of the elderly was evaluated by the Health Status Survey(SF-36).The height and weight data of the subjects were collected through physical measurement and the body mass index(BMI)was calculated.Collect physiological index information of the elderly according to the physical examination report.The database is established with Epidata3.1 software,and the data is statistically analyzed and described with Spss25.0 software.The statistical description of measurement data is expressed with((?) ± s),and the statistical description of counting data is expressed with composition ratio(%).The comparison between the two groups of measurement data is performed with t test,and the comparison of the mean of multiple samples is performed with analysis of variance to explore the relationship between body mass index,blood pressure,blood lipids,blood glucose,and physical and mental health in the elderly.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Results:(1)A total of 1,953 subjects were included in this study,including 982males(50.3%)and 971 females(49.7%).(2)The scores of each dimension of the SF-36 scale for the elderly were: physical functioning(79.75 ± 16.37),role-physical(68.04 ± 39.63),bodily pain(78.21 ± 18.50),general health(49.17 ± 17.53),vitality(68.00 ± 12.93),social functioning(76.30 ± 21.49),role-emotional(81.26 ± 32.68),and mental health(72.18 ± 14.15).Among them,the role-emotional score is the highest,and the general health score is the lowest.(3)The scores of the role-emotional dimension of the physical health and mental health of the elderly were higher than the Chinese norm,and the scores of other dimensions were lower than the Chinese norm,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).(4)The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of physical health of the elderly included chronic disease,age,alcohol consumption,gender,marital status,living form,occupation and exercise;The influencing factors of mental health of the elderly include chronic disease,living area,nationality,education level,living form,occupation and exercise.(5)There were differences in body mass index in the dimensions of physical functioning,vitality,social functioning and total score of mental component summary,while there were no significant differences in other dimensions.The score of physical functioning dimension was obtained by interval comparison method: the score of underweight group was lower than that of normal weight group and overweight group(P<0.05).Vitality dimension score: the score of underweight group was lower than that of normal weight group and overweight group(P<0.05).The score of social functioning dimension: the scores of underweight group and normal weight group were lower than that of super-recombinant group(P<0.05).Total score of mental component summary: the score of underweight group was lower than that of normal weight group,overweight group and obesity group(P<0.05).(6)The score of systolic blood pressure in the general health and vitality dimensions in the abnormal group was lower than that in the normal group,and there was no significant difference in other dimensions.(7)The score of diastolic blood pressure in the general health and vitality dimensions in the abnormal group was lower than that in the normal group,and there was no significant difference in other dimensions.(8)The score of total cholesterol in the role-emotional dimension of the abnormal group was higher than that of the normal group,and there was no significant difference in other dimensions.(9)The scores of role-emotional,mental health and total score of mental component summary in triglyceride groups were higher than those in the normal group.There was no significant difference in other dimensions.(10)There was no statistically significant difference in the scores of high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein in all dimensions.(11)The scores of the fasting blood glucose groups in the general health and vitality dimensions were lower in the abnormal group than in the normal group,and there was no significant difference in other dimensions.Conclusion:(1)The level of physical health and mental health of the elderly in western Guangxi is relatively low.(2)The influencing factors of physical health of the elderly include chronic disease,age,alcohol consumption,gender,marital status,residential form,occupation and exercise.The influencing factors of mental health of the elderly include chronic disease,living area,nationality,education level,marital status,residential form,occupation and exercise.(3)There were differences in body mass index scores in physical functioning,vitality,social functioning,and total score of mental component summary.There were differences in the scores of systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,and fasting blood glucose in general health and vitality dimensions.There are differences in total cholesterol scores in role-emotional dimensions.There are differences in the scores of triglyceride in role-emotional,mental health and total score of mental component summary.Body mass index,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,total cholesterol,triglycerides,and fasting blood glucose have an impact on the physical and mental health of the elderly.