| Objective:The objective of this study was to understand the prevalence and change trend of diabetes and hypertension among healthy residents who underwent physical examination in Chengguan District of Lhasa from 2019 to 2020,and to analyze the influencing factors of diabetes and hypertension among residents,so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and hypertension in Tibet and other high-altitude areas.Methods:Residents who underwent physical examination in Chengguan District of Lhasa from 2019 to 2020 and met the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria were selected as the survey objects.The basic data of the survey objects,such as gender,age,exercise frequency,smoking and alcohol consumption,were collected by a combination of a questionnaire survey.Physical examination and biochemical indexes were used to collect other biochemical indicators,including height,weight,blood pressure and biochemical indices of physical examination fasting plasma glucose(FPG),white blood cell count(WBC),bloodplatelet count(PLT),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),total bilirubin(TBil),total cholesterol(TCHO),triglycerides(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C).The rank sum test or Chi-square test were used for comparison and univariate analysis.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of diabetes mellitus and hypertension.Results:1.Among respondents in 2019,138 people had diabetes,with a prevalence rate of2.16%;Among respondents in 2020,252 people had diabetes,with a prevalence rate of2.12%.There was no significantly difference of the prevalence of diabetes in different years(P>0.05).2.The number of people with hypertension in 2019 and 2020 was 1151 and 2645 respectively.The prevalence rates were 18.03% and 22.28%,respectively.The prevalence of hypertension was significantly different in different years(P<0.05).3.There were significant differences in age,sex,exercise frequency,alcohol consumption and average levels of BMI,WBC,ALT,TBil,TCHO,TG,LDL-C and PLT between diabetic patients and those without diabetes(P<0.05).At the same time,the prevalence of diabetes in subjects with hypertension was significantly higher than that in those without hypertension(P<0.05).Age,sex,exercise frequency,levels of WBC,PLT,ALT,TCHO and TG,as well as the incidence of hypertension,may be the influencing factors of whether the respondents develop diabetes(P<0.05).Compared with people aged 18-44 years,the OR(95%CI)of diabetes in people aged 45-59 years,60-74 years and over 75 years were 3.403(2.337～4.955),5.318(3.632～7.785)and6.417(3.975 ～ 10.361),respectively.The risk of diabetes was 0.640(95%CI:0.516～0.794)in females compared to males.Compared with non-exercisers,the risk of diabetes was 0.620 for exercisers.The OR of diabetes was 1.136,0.995,1.009,1.195 and 1.414 for each unit increase in WBC,PLT,ALT,TCHO and TG levels of the subjects.4.There were significant differences in age,sex,exercise frequency,smoking,alcohol consumption and average levels of BMI,WBC,PLT,ALT,TBil,TCHO,TG,LDL-C and HDL-C between hypertensive patients and those without hypertension(P<0.05).At the same time,the prevalence of hypertension in diabetic subjects was significantly higher than that in non-diabetic subjects(P<0.05).Age,sex,exercise frequency,alcohol consumption,and the levels of BMI,WBC,PLT,ALT,LDL-C and HDL-C,as well as the incidence of diabetes,may be the factors influencing the incidence of hypertension(P<0.05).Compared with people aged 18-44 years,the OR(95%CI)of hypertension in people aged 45-59 years,60-74 years and over 75 years were3.254(2.904～3.646),5.305(4.710～5.915)and 6.349(5.334～7.557),respectively.The risk of hypertension was 0.791(0.762～0.860)in males compared to females.Compared with non-exercisers,the OR(95%CI)of hypertension in people who exercise frequently,sometimes and everyday were 0.850(0.740 ～ 0.978),1.295(1.066 ～ 1.574)and0.818(0.721～0.927).The OR of hypertension was 1.073,1.082,0.998,1.010,1.338 and 1.874 for each unit increase in BMI,WBC,PLT,ALT,THCO and TG.The risk of hypertension was 1.572(1.257～1.967)for people with diabetic compared to nondiabetic subjects.Conclusions:1.The prevalences of diabetes among residents in Chengguan District of Lhasa in2019 and 2020 were 2.16% and 2.12%.The prevalences of hypertension in 2019 and2020 were 18.03% and 22.28%,which was significantly increased in 2020.2.High age,male and less physical exercise may be the risk factors for diabetes in the Chengguan District of Lhasa,and the levels of WBC,PLT,ALT,TCHO,TG and hypertension may be the influencing factors for diabetes in the Chengguan District of Lhasa.3.High age,male,little physical exercise and daily drinking may be the risk factors for hypertension in Lhasa city residents.The levels of BMI,WBC,PLT,ALT,LDL-C,HDL-C and diabetes may be the influencing factors for hypertension in Lhasa city residents. |
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