| Objective:Taking elderly people over 60 years old in Gusu District,Suzhou City as the research object,explore the influencing factors of cognitive impairment in middle-aged and elderly people,which provide scientific basis for the prevention and intervention strategies of cognitive impairment in the elderly group in the community.Methods:The data comes from the baseline data collected by the "Suzhou Alzheimer’s Intervention Project" attached to the "Suzhou Healthy City "531" Action Plan",and elderly(aged>60)in gusu district,Suzhou,from January 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the subjects.A self-made questionnaire was used to investigate general demographic data(gender,age,height,weight,marital status,educational level,and monthly family income),work ability,ability of daily living,and common medical history.Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS),Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7(GAD-7),Patient Health Questionnaire9(PHQ-9)and Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE),Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)were used to assess anxiety,depression,sleep quality of the subjects and cognitive impairment.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0 software.The differences of influencing factors among normal,MCI and dementia populations were analyzed using Chi-square test,One-Way ANOVA and K-W test,and the prevalence of cognitive impairment and risk factors(protective factors)were analyzed using Ordinal logistic regression.Results:1.Compared with the basic characteristics of the subjects in different cognitive level groups,factors such as age and educational level were statistically significant(P<0.05).The age of the dementia group was(77.03±7.02)years old,which was significantly higher than that of the normal group(70.15±7.51)and the MCI group(71.61±6.69),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference between the normal group and the MCI group(P>0.05).The educational level of the normal group was higher than that of the MCI group and the dementia group as a whole,and the educational level of the MCI group was higher than that of the dementia group as a whole.There were no significant differences in basic characteristics of the population such as gender,height,weight,marital status and family income among the subjects of different groups(P>0.05).2.There was no significant difference in working status among the four groups(P>0.05).The occupational properties of the subjects in the normal group were mainly mental work,while those in the MCI and dementia groups were mainly manual work.There was no significant difference in the occupational properties among the three groups(P>0.05).3.The percentages of subjects taking self-care in the normal group and MCI group were 97.8%and 94.2%,respectively.The percentage of subjects taking self-care in the dementia group was only 35.9%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportions of the normal group and the MCI group in participating in recreational activities were 63.0%and 70.1%,which were higher than 46.2%of the dementia group(P<0.05).4.Compared with the research subjects in each group,the differences in the prevalence of hypertension and prevalence of diabetes were statistically significant(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the heart disease(P>0.05).5.The average scores of AIS,GDA-7 and PHQ-9 in the dementia group were 5.17,1.38 and 2.77 respectively,which were higher than those of the other two groups.Compared with the scores of the three groups of subjects,the scores of AIS and PHQ-9 had statistical significance(P<0.05),while the score of GAD-7 had no significant difference.6.Ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that elder age(OR is 1.050),lower educational level(OR of illiterate is 40.246,OR of Primary education is 12.566,OR of Junior education is 4.618),depression(OR is 1.224)and hypertension(OR=2.759)were maybe the risk factors for cognitive impairment.Self-care for living ability was maybe the protective factor for cognitive impairment.Diabetes,sleep status,and recreational activities had no significant effect on cognitive impairment(P>0.05).Conclusion:Among the influencing factors of cognitive impairment among elderly people,higher age,lower educational level,depression and hypertension maybe the risk factors,while selfcare in living ability maybe the protective factor. |
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