Study On The Effect Of Basic Medical Insurance On Fertility Intention In China

At present,the declining birth rate,the decreasing labor supply and the gradual disappearance of demographic dividend in China will all affect the stable economic growth.Raising the fertility rate is the key for China to overcome the "middle-income trap"and maintain stable and healthy economic development.In November 2016,China officially implemented the "universal two-child" birth policy.In order to further optimize the fertility policy,the three-child policy will be fully lifted in 2021,and a couple will be allowed to have three children.China’s basic medical insurance system as an important part of social security will have a key impact on fertility intention.Based on the theoretical and empirical analysis of the impact of basic medical insurance on fertility intention,this paper deeply discusses the specific impact of basic medical insurance on fertility intention in China,and puts forward relevant policy suggestions for the research conclusions.Based on the panel data of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)in 2014 and 2018,this paper studied the impact of basic medical insurance on fertility intention in China.In this paper,"whether to participate in the basic medical insurance" was taken as the explanatory variable,and "the intention to have the number of children" was taken as the explained variable.Difference-in-Differences(DID)model was established to test the influence of the intention to have the number of children of residents with the basic medical insurance.In order to verify the robustness of the analysis results,Logit model was constructed and DID-PSM method was used to avoid the bias caused by "selective bias" and endogeneity.In addition,heterogeneity analysis was conducted on the impact of the new Rural cooperative medical system,urban employee medical insurance and urban residents’ medical insurance on fertility intention,and the mediating effect test was conducted with income level and subjective well-being as mediating variables to analyze the reasons for the impact of basic medical insurance on fertility intention.The results of this study show that basic medical insurance has a positive impact on the number of fertility intention;Different types of medical insurance have different degrees of impact on people’s fertility intention,the new rural cooperative medical system and urban residents’ medical insurance have a significant positive impact on people’s fertility intention,and the urban employees’ medical insurance has a negative impact on people’s fertility intention.On this basis,according to the results of empirical research,the thesis is summarized and some suggestions are put forward.It is particularly important to improve the supporting system of community-level public services,especially those closely related to childbirth,such as medical and health care,social security,employment and housing security.The government should increase financial input,improve residents’ happiness of life and satisfaction with public services through subsidies,tax relief and other means,and reduce residents’ medical burden such as birth costs.The social security of different groups should be adjusted moderately in a differentiated way,and the subsidies of medical insurance for urban and rural residents should be increased,or the payment burden of medical insurance for urban workers should be reduced,so as to improve the subsidy effect or reduce the crowding effect and promote the improvement of fertility intention.The government should pay attention to the role of subjective happiness in promoting residents’ birth arrangement,further improve people’s livelihood and improve residents’ sense of happiness and gain,and then promote the improvement of fertility level.