Clinical Analysis Of Tracheobronchial Tuberculosis By Bronchoscopic Interventional Treatment

Objective:To analyze the clinical features and bronchoscopic features of tracheobronchial tuberculosis,and to explore the efficacy and safety of bronchoscopic interventional therapy for active and stable tracheobronchial tuberculosis.Methods:The data of 184 patients diagnosed with tracheobronchial tuberculosis in the respiratory endoscopy room of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University within two years were collected,and the patient’s clinical characteristics,chest imaging,bronchoscopy characteristics and diagnosis basis were summarized.The treatment effect and complications of 95 patients undergoing minimally invasive respiratory interventional therapy were statistically analyzed.Results:The male to female ratio of 184 patients diagnosed with tracheobronchial tuberculosis for the first time was 1:2.4,and their age ranged from 13 to 86 years old,with an average age of(41.35±17.82)years old.Among the female patients,the number of patients aged between 21 and 30 years was the largest(48 cases,36.92%).The most common clinical symptoms were cough and sputum.Chest imaging showed lung shadows,atelectasis,etc.Under bronchoscope,the total positive rate was 51.61% in brush smear and lavage fluid,and 44.44% in biopsy.Tracheobronchial tuberculosis lesions mainly involved the left upper lobe bronchus and the left main bronchus.The most common subtype was cicatricial stenosis.Among 95 patients who completed interventional therapy,58 were in the active stage group,with significant efficiency of 24.14%,effective rate of 63.79%,total effective rate of 87.93% and complication rate of 15.52%.There were 39 cases in the clinical stable stage group(37 cases in the original cicatricia stenosis type,2 cases in the clinical active stage group to cicatricia stenosis type).The significant efficiency was2.56%,the effective rate was 82.05%,the total effective rate was 84.62%,and the complication rate was 28.21%.Conclusion:Tracheobronchial tuberculosis usually occurs in young women,the clinical symptoms and imaging are atypica,and most of them can not be diagnosed early.On the basis of systemic anti-tuberculosis drug therapy,bronchoscope interventional therapy has good curative effect and high safety.Interventional therapy was selected according to the types of lesions.