| ObjectiveThe survey was conducted to cross-sectional study,to understand the prevalence of frailty in elderly patients with multimorbidity in geriatrics hospitals,and to analyze the influencing factors of frailty in this population.The aim is to arouse the attention of medical staff to the assessment of frailty and the health status of comorbid elderly patients,and to provide evidence for the formulation of treatment and nursing intervention measures for comorbid elderly patients.MethodsIn a geriatrics hospital in wuhan,400 elderly patients with multimorbidity were selected by means of convenience sampling,and the population was investigated by using general condition questionnaire investigation,Tilburg Frailty Indicator,Charlson Comorbidity Index,Mini-Nutritional Assessment(Short-Form),Barthel Index,Geriatric Depression Scale-15,the scale of Chronic self-management behavior.Epidata3.1 was used to input data in pairs,and then descriptive statistics,single factor analysis,correlation analysis,and regression analysis were performed through SPSS.20.Results(1)In this study,400 questionnaires were distributed and collected,of which 381 questionnaires were valid.Statistical analysis of the data showed that 232 patients had frailty,and the prevalence of frailty in geriatrics hospital was 60.89%.The mean score of total frailty was(5.95±3.46)points,the mean score of physical frailty was(3.11±2.27)points,the mean score of psychological frailty(2.08±1.31)points and the mean score of social frailty(0.77±0.66)points.(2)General data analysis showed that the age range of 381 elderly patients with multimorbidity ranged from 60 to 94 years old,with an average age of(75.25±9.35)years old.There were 172 male patients,accounting for 45.14%,and 209 female patients,accounting for 54.89%.Among the elderly patients with multimorbidity,females were more than males.The average number of chronic diseases in elderly patients with multimorbidity was(3.97±1.89),and the number of elderly patients with three chronic diseases was up to 103(27.0%).The score of self-management behavior ranged from 0 to 51,and M(Q25,Q75)was 24(17,33).7.35% of the patients were completely dependent on others in daily life and had severe physical dysfunction,7.87% of the patients needed help in daily life and had moderate physical dysfunction.Malnutrition was found in 11.79% of comorbid elderly patients and 47.44% of comorbid elderly patients were at risk of malnutrition.18.11% of comorbid elderly patients had major depressive symptoms and 33.33% of comorbid elderly patients had mild depressive symptoms.(3)The frailty score was used as the dependent variable and other variables as the independent variables for single factor analysis.The variables with statistical significance(P<0.05)were age,gender,marital status,educational level,way of living,previous work type,health care type,monthly income,the number of hospitalizations due to illness in the past year,the degree of incontinence,the number of chronic diseases,CCI,comorbid medical history,the amount of medication,self-management behavior,physical function,nutritional status,and depressive symptoms.The results of multiple linear regression showed that gender(X2),way of living(X5),previous job type(X6),the number of hospitalizations due to diseases in the past year(X10),CCI(X16),self-management behavior(X17),body function(X18),nutritional status(X19),and depressive symptoms(X20)were the independent factors affecting frailty.Moreover,the above nine independent variables accounted for 69.5% of the variation of facification degree in elderly patients with multimorbidity.By F test,F=46.503,P=0.000<0.001.This regression equation is meaningful and can be established.Conclusions(1)Elderly patients with multimorbidity in geriatric hospitals have poor health status,a large number of chronic diseases,a high degree of multimorbidity,polypharmacy,poor physical function,and nutritional risks.So people need to pay more attention to their health.(2)The prevalence of frailty is high in elderly patients with multimorbidity in geriatrics hospital,which includes different degrees of physical frailty,mental frailty and social frailty.(3)The factors affecting frailty in comorbid elderly patients in geriatrics hospitals include gender,marital status,educational level,way of living,previous job type,household registration type,CCI,the number of hospitalizations due to diseases in the past year,the amount of medication,self-management behavior,physical function,nutritional status,and depressive symptoms. |
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