| ObjectiveThis study was aimed to investigate the current status of frailty and cognitive frailty among community-dwelling older adults in Chongqing and analyze its influencing factors,in order to provide references for the medical staff to implement intervention work and construct a suitable management mode of frailty and cognitive frailty.MethodsFrom September 2018 to August 2019,a total of 1095 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥60 years in Chongqing were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling.They were investigated by general questionnaire(including socio-demographic data,living behavior habits data,basic physical index data),Short-Form Mini-Nutritional Assessment(MNA-SF),Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS),5-Item Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS-5),the Loneliness Scale,and Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS).The status of frailty and cognitive frailty were evaluated by the Frailty Phenotype(FP)and FP,Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MOCA)and Clinical Dementia Rating(CDR),respectively.All data were sorted and entered into EXCEL 2016 to establish a database,and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS22.0 statistical software.Results1.The current status and influencing factors of frailty among community-dwelling older adults in Chongqing:(1)Among 1095 community-dwelling older adults,143(13.1%)were frailty,308(28.1%)were pre-frailty and 644(58.8%)were robust.The 5 frailty indicators were ranked from high to low as:347(31.7%)for grip weakness,213(19.5%)for slow walking speed,184(16.8%)for exhaustion,105(9.6%)for low physical activity,and 36(3.3%)for weight loss.(2)The results of univariate analysis showed that different age,education level,marital status,personal monthly income,central obesity,physical exercise,intellectual activities,using assisted walking devices,chronic diseases,medication,chronic pain,nutritional status,cognitive status,loneliness,depression,and social support were statistically significant for frailty conditions(P<0.05).While there were no statistically significant difference in the incidence of frailty among gender,previous occupation,residential pattern,medical payment method,BMI,smoking,drinking and sleep quality(P > 0.05).(3)Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,central obesity,physical exercise,using assisted walking devices,medication,nutritional status,mild cognitive impairment and depression were influencing factors of frailty(P<0.05).2.The current status and influencing factors of cognitive frailty among community-dwelling older adults in Chongqing:(1)Among 1095 community-dwelling older adults,81 cases were cognitive frailty,the incidence of cognitive frailty was 7.4%.(2)The results of univariate analysis showed that different age,education level,previous occupation,marital status,personal monthly income,medical payment method,central obesity,physical exercise,intellectual activities,using assisted walking devices,chronic diseases,medication,chronic pain,nutritional status,loneliness,depression,and social support were statistically significant for cognitive frailty status(P < 0.05).While there were no statistically significant difference in the incidence of cognitive frailty among gender,residential pattern,BMI,smoking,drinking and sleep quality(P>0.05).(3)Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that,education level,physical exercise,intellectual activities,using assisted walking devices,chronic diseases,nutritional status,and depression were influencing factors of cognitive frailty(P<0.05).ConclusionThe incidence of frailty and cognitive frailty are high among community-dwelling older adults in Chongqing.Medical staff should attach great importance to the frailty and cognitive frailty issue and provide targeted,multi-angle comprehensive intervention measures in accordance with the specific circumstances of the elderly,in order to delay or reduce the development of frailty and cognitive frailty. |
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