Research On The Effect Of Multi-dimensional Proximity On Cluster Innovation Based On System Dynamics

With the rapid development of regional economy,high-tech industrial clusters are playing a greater role,and cluster innovation has gradually become the hotspot of industrial clusters research.Industrial clusters have more potential competitive advantages than individual enterprises,which are related to the natural geographical proximity within the clusters.However,not all industrial clusters can have continuous innovation momentum,which is difficult to explain only from the perspective of geographical proximity.Innovation is an organic combination of spatial and non-spatial elements,and the interaction between cluster subjects is also affected by technological proximity and social proximity.Existing research paid more attention to the influence of single dimension proximity on knowledge transfer and innovation,the discussion about the interaction mechanism between adjacent dimension lacked,and there is much debate about the complementarity or substitution of proximity in the process of interaction.What's more most of the scholars do research from the perspective of static to analyze the influence of multi-dimensional proximity on cluster knowledge transfer and innovation performance,eonsider the nature of the interaction between neighbors as stable and unchanging unidimensional.But in fact,adjacent dimensions affect each other,and the innovation process is extremely complex,so the linear approach is one-sided.Therefore,this study systematically sorted out the division of adjacent dimensions by predecessors,integrated the neighboring framework that best matched the research questions.Starting from geographical,social and technological proximity,based on system theory,knowledge,basic theory and control theory,an empirical analysis has been done from the perspective of knowledge to analyze the effect mechanism of multi-dimensional proximity on cluster innovation and the dynamic coupling mechanism.Following the thought from single proximity to three kinds of proximity interaction,analyze the influence of different levels of proximity and their combination on the cluster innovation and development.At the same time,by means of the significant advantages of system dynamics Vensim PLE software in solving system and the complex process,further study of complex system of cluster innovation can been conducted.Based on the annual report data,enterprise directory data of Zhong-Guan-Cun national independent innovation demonstration zone and patent data of National intellectual property office patent from 2008 to 2017,this study conducted empirical analysis.Through in-depth analysis of the multidimensional proximity and cluster innovation process of each element of the causal logic relationship,combined the previous classical references,I build the geographic proximity subsystem,social subsystem and technique subsystem.On this basis,this study clarified the action path of multi-dimensional proximity on cluster innovation and the variable correlation and feedback process among various factors of the system,and established the causal loop and stock flow chart of the complex system.Through the simulation of the model,the influence of multi-dimensional proximity on cluster innovation is clarified.According to the results,technology is leverage points of neighboring systems;The connection between single-dimensional proximity and district innovation performance and knowledge stock is inverted U,but the negative effect of single dimension proximity can be offset by other dimensions proximity.Geographic,social and technological proximity have complementary effects,and the combination of geographic proximity and technological proximity is most conducive to cluster irnovation in the next 10 years.The theoretical contribution of this study is it breaks through the limitation that it is difficult to explain cluster itnovation clearly from a single linear proximity dimension,integrates the interaction and relevance between multi-dimensional proximity into the research framework,builds a system model of the effect of multi-dimensional proximity on cluster innovation,and reveals the kernel of the influence of multi-dimensional proximity on cluster innovation.Practical significance for China,s innovation cluster construction and regional development is to provide a guidance,the government departments should think twice before introducing enterprise to the cluster,considering moderate technological and social proximity,and make policy adjustments with the development of the cluster,but also promote knowledge,the information interaction between enterprises within the moderate scope,to ensure the healthy development of the regional innovation system.