Study On Classification And Development Evaluation Of Farmers' Professional Cooperatives In Poor Mountainous Areas

Emergence and development of farmers' professional co-operatives is the inevitable outcome of the development of market economy in the rural areas,promote the rural agricultural industrialization,specialization,market-oriented,in the rural population employment,benefit the poor growth,increasing the income of farmers has played an irreplaceable role,for our country rural economic development has injected new momentum(week full of beautiful things,2004;Deng hengshan,wang wenlan,2014).However,cooperatives in China have many problems at present,such as the difficulty in mass production,the simplification of organizational functions,and the lack of pricing power.(hu randi,2012),which directly or indirectly led to the imbalance between supply and demand of agricultural products in rural areas in recent years,the unreasonable distribution of factors,resource and environmental pressure and other problems(kong xiangzhi,2018).The economic and productive conditions of poor mountainous areas in karst are low,and the degree of organization of farmers is low.Guizhou province,with a total population of about 40 million,is an inland province in southwest China.About 80% of the total land area of guizhou belongs to the karst area of wuling mountain area and wumeng mountain area.65 poverty-stricken counties are located in wuling mountain area and wumeng mountain area.More than 85 percent of guizhou's rural poor,88 percent of its poor townships,84 percent of its poor villages,and 82 percent of its minority townships are located in this mountainous landscape.These geological conditions,coupled with transport constraints,present challenges for sustainable and economically viable agricultural development.This study takes guizhou province as a typical case of karst poor mountainous area to carry out research.In order to study the classification and evaluation of specialized farmer cooperatives in karst poverty-stricken mountainous areas,this paper,based on a comprehensive review of relevant domestic and foreign literatures,takes 44 specialized farmer cooperatives in guizhou province as research objects,and obtains relevant information and data of cooperatives through field investigation,in-depth interview and other methods.Based on the field survey of farmers' professional cooperatives in guizhou,contact theory and consulting relevant experts,selected two to the standard of the classification of the karst poverty mountainous area cooperative: membership in dominant role of different types of land circulation,cooperative,comprehensive considering the above two kinds of standards,cooperatives can be divided into 6 groups:(1)members are all farmers mutual cooperatives;(2)co-operatives dominated by large rural families;(3)co-operatives dominated by agriculture-related social enterprises;(4)all members are farmers' basic cooperatives;(5)basic cooperatives dominated by large rural families;(6)basic cooperatives dominated by agriculture-related social enterprises.Twelve evaluation indicators that may affect the development of cooperatives are selected,including: development goals,inclusion of the poor,environmental sustainability,regulations,conflict resolution mechanisms,land use,technical personnel,infrastructure,processing equipment,business plans,marketing capabilities,and monitoring and evaluation.According to the scores of evaluation indexes of different types of cooperatives,it is found that there is little difference between the scores of tight cooperatives and loose cooperatives.Different leading roles of cooperatives will have a greater impact on the development of cooperatives,which is reflected in the following aspects: agriculture-related enterprises leading cooperatives get the highest score,farmers leading cooperatives get the second highest score,and large family leading cooperatives get the lowest score.Based on the evaluation results of different types of cooperatives,this report puts forward Suggestions such as local governments formulating relevant policies to encourage agriculture-related enterprises to participate in cooperatives,strengthening the construction of cooperatives' operational capacity,and summarizing and refining the public welfare and institutional models of cooperatives.