Research On The Environment And Health Literacy Of College Students And Its Main Influencing Factors

ObjectivesThis study will understand the relationship between the environment and health literacy level,distribution characteristics and influencing factors of undergraduates of college students through two levels of indicators: basic knowledge,basic skill literacy,basic cognition,and basic concepts,basic attitudes,scientific knowledge,behavioral knowledge,cognitive skills,and operational skill literacy.Meanwhile,based on our results,we could provide scientific reference for the government and educational institutions to formulate and implement policies on environment and health literacy education.Survey object and Methods1.Respondents: The respondents of this study are undergraduates of Lanzhou University.2.Sampling method: Multi-stage random sampling is adopted.The first stage uses grade as the stratification factor,and the 2016 and 2018 grades are selected.The second stage uses the source province as the stratification factor,and simple random sampling is used within the province.In the end,718 students from 2016 grade and 694 students from 2018 grade were selected.3.Research contents: All contents of the "Citizen Environment and Health Literacy Assessment" questionnaire published by the Ministry of Environmental Protection in June 2017 supplemented with demographic and sociological information was used to conduct an on-site questionnaire survey.The questionnaire covers three first-level indicators,namely,basic concepts,basic knowledge and basic skills;and six secondary indicators,namely basic cognition,basic attitude,scientific knowledge,behavioral knowledge,cognitive skills and operational skills.The standard score of citizen environmental and Health Literacy Assessment was used to determine the questionnaire standard.4.Statistical information: EpiData 3.0,EXCEL 2007 and SPSS 22.0 software were used to organize the data and conduct statistical analysis.The analysis methods mainly include statistical description,chi-square test,multi-factor unconditional logistic regression analysis and other statistical methods.The test level is taken as ? = 0.05.Results1.Overall levels of environment and health literacyA total of 1,412 people were involved in this survey,including 718 in 2016 grade and 694 in 2018 grade;793 men and 619 girls;633 science and engineering,418 literature and history,278 medicine,38 agronomy,and 44 arts;637 people in rural areas.The results showed that the overall environment and health literacy level of undergraduates at Lanzhou University was 74.65%.On the overall level of environment and health literacy,males are higher than females;Hans is higher than ethnic minorities.According to geographical regions,the overall level of environment and health literacy is in turn in North China,East China,Central China,Northeast China,South China,Northwest China,and Southwest China.According to the division of economic regions,they are in turn in the central region,the eastern region,the northeastern region,the western region.The difference in the above data is statistically significant(P<0.05).Among the first-level indicators of the subject,the basic idea literacy level is 81.59%,basic knowledge literacy is 19.33%,and basic skill literacy is 70.96%.In terms of basic concept literacy,the Han nationality is higher than the ethnic minorities;according to the geographical area,it is in order of East China,Central China,Southwest,South China,Northeast,North China,and Northwest.According to the division of economic regions,they are in turn in the central region,the eastern region,the northeast region,the western region.In terms of basic knowledge literacy,according to disciplines,they are in turn medicine,agronomy,science and technology,literature and history,and art.In terms of basic skill literacy,the 2018 grade is higher than the 2016 grade.The differences in the above data are statistically significant(P<0.05).In the second-level indicators,the order of literacy level from high to low is basic cognitive literacy(74.58%),basic attitude literacy(73.09%),cognitive skill literacy(72.66%),operation skill literacy(64.24%),behavioral knowledge literacy(41.39 %),Scientific knowledge literacy(9.99%).In terms of basic cognitive literacy,the level of 2016 grade is higher than 2018 grade;the Han nationality is higher than the ethnic minority;the urban area is higher than the rural area;according to the geographical regions,they are in turn Central China,East China,North China,Southwest,Northwest,South China Northeast region;in terms of economic regions,they are in turn central region,eastern region,northeast region,and western region.In terms of basic attitude literacy,the 2018 grade is higher than in 2016;the Han nationality is higher than the minority.In terms of scientific knowledge,the 2018 grade is higher than 2016;women are higher than men;cities are higher than rural areas;according to disciplines,they are in turn agronomy,medicine,science,technology,arts,and art;according to geographical areas,they are in turn south China and northwest,North China,East China,Southwest,Central China,and Northeast;according to economic regions,they are in turn East,West,Northeast,and Central.In terms of behavioral knowledge literacy,the 2016 grade is higher than 2018;there is no significant difference between men and women;Han is higher than ethnic minorities;In terms of cognitive skills,the 2018 grade is higher than 2016;Han is higher than minority;urban is higher than rural.In terms of operational skill literacy,the 2016 level is higher than the 2018 level,and the differences between the above data are statistically significant(P<0.05).2.Influencing factorsThe grade of students will affect the improvement of basic cognition,behavioral knowledge,and operational skill literacy;males and Han people perform better in Overall levels,and the students in agronomy,medicine,science,and engineering have more advantages;regional education and economic development are both Influencing factors of environment and health literacy.Conclusions1.The overall environment and health literacy level of undergraduates of Lanzhou University is74.65%.2.Among the first-level indicators of environmental and health literacy of undergraduates of Lanzhou University,the level of literacy from high to low is the basic idea literacy,basic skill literacy,and basic knowledge literacy.3.The overall level of environment and health literacy for undergraduates of Lanzhou University has significant advantages in demographic characteristics among males and Han nationality.The liberal arts,science,medicine,engineering,and urban students have a higher level of scientific knowledge literacy.The level of economic development and education will affect the environment and health literacy level.