| Health literacy is defined as "Individuals to access, understand, handle basic health information and services, and which can make appropriate health decisions, To safeguard and promote the ability of their own health. In1974, American scholar Simonds first proposed the concept of "health literacy", After the1990national study on health literacy are starting to unfold by degree. In2005, the Sixth World Health Promotion Assembly held in Bangkok by which adopted the "global health promotion Bangkok Charter", The magistrate will improve people’s health literacy as a actions and goals of health promotion. Since the1990s, the U.S. government will increase public health literacy as one of the20priority areas of "Health People2010"and the United States health care reform. Our government in the2007national population development strategy research report point to improve the National Health literacy as one of the three aspects. In January2008, China’s Ministry of Health issued the world’s first comprehensive definition of government documents for citizens’ basic health literacy content-"Chinese citizens health literacy-basic knowledge and skills (Trial)", On the basis of this document, the Ministry of Health experts to develop a "healthy66-Chinese citizens health literacy Reader",which comprehensively expounded the basic content of health literacy, The Ministry of Health will improve their health literacy as one of the key objectives of the "Healthy China2020" strategic plan, Health literacy seems to have become an integral part to the development of public health. In recent years, Chinese scholars around the residents health literacy carried out a lot of researches,this atical are different from field of other scholars, this article is Luogang area (Developmentzone) residents health literacy research.Purpose of this study is to kowning about overall level of Luogang residents formation of health awareness, health behaviors and health skills, and health literacy in this stage, Identify the factors of affecting the level of health literacy, health literacy and find that weak link of residents of the region, Luogang District to carry out targeted health literacy interventions, the development of scientific health education strategy and carried out to provide decision support.A stratified cluster random sampling method, Xiagang Street, Yonghe Street, Eastern Street(The three streets are Development Zone Street), extracted from Luogang District, and extracting different enterprises, factories, schools, government agencies, community from each street and taking face-to-face survey.This study used the China Health Education Center unified design "2009Chinese citizens health literacy questionnaire survey subjects" and Epidata3.2establish a database to analyze the knowledge and awareness of the health of residents, health behavior formation rate, health skills to master the rate of health literacy structural condition, using t test, analysis of variance analysis of gender, ethnicity, age, education level, occupation, marital status, family income and other demographic characteristics of the residents health literacy average of the three dimensions and applying to non-conditional logistic regression model to analyze residents of the main factors of affecting the level of health literacy. Issued a total of820questionnaires, of which were813valid questionnaires, the effective rate was99.15%. The rate of the areas surveyed health knowledge awareness, grasped the rate of health skills and health behavior formation rate were58.90%,56.98%,62.41%.About health knowledge awareness, residents for the choice of medication and injections (91.76%), Mental illness in need of treatment (96.06%), Wash your hands to help prevent influenza (84.38%), Adult blood donation right amount of sound health (73.55%), For the children to play preventionthe pin the prevention of communicable diseases (75.89%), Cough, expectoration for more than two weeks or hemoptysis, fever, fatigue, night sweats and other symptoms, you should immediately go to the hospital (84.62%), Smoking cessation correct statement (92.50%) a few questionshigher awareness. Low awareness of correct understanding in the concept of health, the residents (35.92%), AIDS transmission (30.63%), healthy lifestyle (33.33%) passive smoking caused disease (6.27%). About to the the the problem of the health behavior, the residents for they do not share towels with others (75.89%), Sooner or later are brush your teeth (79.46%), The proper use of of antibiotics (77.49%), Chopping vegetables use the different chopping block (77.61%), Do not eat more than the shelf life offood (98.16%), The motorcycle must helmets (98.89%) of the correct rate is higer. Residents for adult day alcohol consumption (17.47%), The number of checks in pregnant women (15.62%), Diseases caused by contaminated water (6.89%), The correct infant feeding practices (23.86%) of the correct rate is lower. About ealth skills, residents for in need of emergency medical assistance, dial "120"(96.18%). Body temperature (89.91%), The fire right approach (70.11%) of the correct rate is higer. Grasp residents for "the OTC "(25.22%), The meaning of the six dangerous logo (30.63%) of the correct rate is lower.The number of people with health knowledge, behavior, skills and literacy (proportional)62(7.63%),52(6.40%),264 (32.47%), with the number of health literacy (proportional)32(4.31%).Residents’ health knowledge average of10.60±1.99points (95%CI:10.46,10.74); health behaviors average score of7.98±1.54(95%CI:7.87,8.08); health skills average score of3.12±0.89(95%CI:3.06,3.18); the health literacy consolidated average score of21.70±3.58(95%CI:21.45,21.95).Between of health knowledge, behavior, skills and health literacy are significantly correlated (R=0.895; P<0.01),(R=0.816; P<0.01),(R=0.608; P<0.01), Health knowledge and behavior significantly related (R=0.555; P<0.01), health knowledge and health skills are not significantly related (R=0.406; P<0.01), health behavior and health skills are not significantly related (R=0.312; P<0.01).The Luogang residents of women’s health comprehensive literacy are better than males (P<0.05), women’s health knowledge, health behaviors are better than men (P<0.05; P<0.05), there is no significant difference in the health skills between men and women (P>0.05). there was no difference between the Han and minority about health literacy of each dimension (P>0.05), To18-year-old to30-year-old group health literacy is highest level, the difference was not statistically significant between two groups.60to69-year-old group was the lowest score, with the growth of the age,the average health literacy scores decreased by degree, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) With the growth of education, the residents’ health literacy level gradually increased, primary and lower group health literacy of each dimension and the lowest score, universities and above the highest group, the degree of cultural differences among the three groups were statistically significant (P value<0.05.). Different occupational categories among the inhabitants of three dimensions of health literacy score and the composite score of the population mean the same failure (P<0.001), The person in charge of the unit and the technical staff health literacy have highest scores, unemployed/laid-off/staff and retired personnel was the lowest scores, migrant workers, the production staff composite score low health literacy. Different marital status, residents’ health knowledge, behavior, skills average and average overall mean not all the same (P<0.001), The unmarried group, the divorced group of residents’ health behavior, knowledge two dimensions and average the highest unmarried group of healthy skills the highest score, the widowed group health of residents in the lowest prime; health skills of the highest points of the unmarried group, widowed combined the divorced group of the lowest scores.health knowledge, behavior, skills average and average overall of different family income residents are not the same (P<0.001), With the upward trend in per capita household income increased level of health literacy, porior500,500to1000and beyond1000to average gradually increased, but twenty-two there was no significant difference (P<0.05), here was no significant difference between2000to5000and>5000group (P<0.05) and the highest average. Health literacy combined average of the logistic regression analysis showed that the four factors of gender, age, education level, and occupation are the main factors to affect the the Luogang residents health literacy.According to the findings of this research for Luogang District residents’health literacy status, made the following recommendations:(1) The government should carry out health education and health promotion by combining with other departments, to develop health education and health promotion strategies for Institutional characteristics, formed a wide range of health education network from the point to the face.(2) To create a good environment for health support. Increase health education and promotion efforts to make full use of various media popularization of health knowledge education.(3) Different groups of health literacy level health education to meet the health needs of different groups. Different cultural levels, different ages, different occupational groups to develop appropriate health literacy level of health literacy promotion strategies and health education programs.(4) To emphase control and prevention on chronic disease, we should pay attention to enhancing the population’s ability to self-health management in the Health education and health literacy intervention process.(5) Apply to PDCA management theory regular monitoring and evaluation of health literacy on different groups of people, and continuously improve their health maintenance strategies.In this study, the following main conclusions is:(1) Residents’overall level of health literacy is not high in guangzhou Luogang district. We need to impove furtherly.(2) Residents’health literacy factors include:gender, age, educational level, occupation.in guangzhou Luogang district.(3) Health education strategies to different groups, focusing on strengthening the health education of the elderly, the unemployed, students, migrant workers.(4) We should focus on strengthening the prevention and control of chronic diseases in the Health education and health literacy interventions process.(5) Application of PDCA theory, continuous improvement of health education strategies to enhance residents’ health literacy. |
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