Study On Health Status And Influencing Factors Of The Elderly In Community Of Lanzhou City

Objectives(1)Apply the tool “Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment System Based on Rapid Screening” to the elderly in the community of Lanzhou City to evaluate its feasibility and applicability.(2)To understand the health status of the elderly in Lanzhou community from the aspects of disease status,common symptoms,physical function status,mental and psychological status,home environment safety.To analyze its influencing factors,reveal the key population of intervention,provide relevant basis for the elderly to formulate nursing measures,and provide reference for community nursing workers to manage the health of the elderly.MethodsThis study was a cross-sectional survey.372 elderly people from 3 communities in Lanzhou city were selected from July 2019 to October 2019 by convenient sampling method.The general information questionnaire and the comprehensive assessment system geriatric based on rapid screening were used to investigate the health status of the elderly.Epidata 3.1 and Excel 2019 software were used to sort the collected data and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 software.The measurement data in the general data of the research object was described by the mean±standard deviation(x±s),and the count data was described by frequency and percentage.In the single-factor analysis,the measurement data were analyzed by t test,univariate ANOVA or nonparametric test.The counting data were analyzed by chi-square test or Fisher exact probability method.In multivariate analysis,the dependent variable was binary logistic regression for the data of the binary classification.The multivariate linear regression was used for the dependent variable for the continuous variable(α=0.05 was selected as the test level).Results(1)Basic situation of the elderly: A total of 372 elderly people were investigated in this study,and the effective recovery rate was 100%.Among them,men accounted for 44.1% and women accounted for 55.9%,the average age was(72.10±6.35)years old.(2)The feasibility of the tool “Comprehensive geriatric assessment system based on rapid screening”: The shortest evaluation time was 3 minutes and 47 seconds,the longest was 7 minutes and 34 seconds,and the average time was(4.60±0.55)minutes,the questionnaire recovery rate and efficiency were 100%.(3)Health status of the elderly: Of the six first-level indicators of the evaluation system,52.4 percent of the elderly suffer from diseases,78.8 percent have problems with common symptoms,24.2 percent have problems with physical functions,74.7percent suffer from mental and psychological problems,12.9 percent suffer from poor social support and 96.2 percent suffer from hidden dangers in the home environment.(4)Factors influencing the health status of the elderly: Analysis of the factors influencing the disease status shows that the frequency of exercise,smoking and drinking were the most influential factors in the elderly.Among them,the frequency of drinking was the most important factor,and the risk of illness was higher among the elderly who drank frequently than those who never drank(P<0.05,OR=29.413).Analysis of factors affecting common symptoms shows that gender,age,economic income,and exercise frequency were the influencing factors of common symptoms in the elderly,of which age has the largest influence(P<0.05,OR=4.340).Analysis of influencing factors of physical function shows that age was the influencing factor of physical function of the elderly(P<0.05,OR= 18.000).Analysis of influencing factors of social support shows that age,occupation and living alone were the influencing factor of the social support status of the elderly,of which age has the greatest influence(P<0.05,OR=5.418).Analysis of the influencing factors of mental and psychological status shows that gender,age,economic income,education level,exercise frequency and smoking frequency were Influencing factors of mental and psychological conditions of the elderly,of which gender has the greatest influence,and women are more likely than men Mental and psychological status(P<0.05,OR=7.227)appeared.Analysis of influencing factors of home environmental security showed that there was a linear correlation between age,education level,living alone and elderly home environmental security(P<0.05).Conclusions(1)The comprehensive geriatric assessment system based on rapid screening can be used to assess the health status of the elderly in the community by assessing the short time consumption,the high rate and efficiency of the questionnaire,the easy understanding of the elderly and the good feasibility.(2)The comprehensive assessment showed that the most problems in the elderly were the safety of the home environment,followed by common symptoms,mental and psychological status,disease status,physical function status,social function status.(3)The general characteristics of the health status of the elderly are as follows:Firstly,the prevalence rate is high,the duration of the illness is long,and many diseases coexist.Secondly,the incidence of common symptoms is high,especially chronic pain is prominent.Thirdly,the physical function is gradually declining.Fourthly,the degree of social support is better.Fifthly,the mental and psychological conditions are prominent.And sixthly,the living environment is unsafe.(4)The factors affecting the health status of the elderly include demographic characteristics,personal lifestyle and behavior habits,social and economic factors,and the relevant departments should strengthen the formulation and implementation of coping strategies to improve the health status of the elderly.