| BackgroundIt is important for the elderly through the comprehensive geriatric assessment because of the serious trend of aging population.However,the assessment tools of the comprehensive geriatric assessment still have shortcomings such as long evaluation time and incomplete coverage at present,which is not conducive to popularization and application.But the comprehensive rapid screening tool for the elderly can effectively solve the above problems.The unique ethnic minorities often have differences in health problems from other ethnic groups due to religions,cultural customs.Therefore,the existing research cannot accurately reflect the related health problems,which is not conducive to the development of primary health services and health management.Therefore,it is particularly important to carry out health surveys related to the unique elderly people of ethnic minorities in order to provide reference for the health assessment and management of elderly people in ethnic minority areas.ObjectiveTo investigate the health status of the elderly of the Dongxiang,Baoan,and Yugu unique ethnic groups in Gansu Province,and to compare the differences in the health status of the elderly of those minority groups.And then analyzing the factors that affect the health status of the elderly.Methods(1)Using the expert consultation and investigation method to complete cultural adaptation and pre-survey of assessment tool that called "comprehensive geriatric assessment system based on rapid screening".(2)Using the convenient sampling method to select the elderly aged 65 years old and above from 3 unique minority autonomous counties in Gansu from March 2019 to October 2019 to complete the investigation.The assessment tools included the questionnaire of the expert consultation,General information questionnaire for the elderly and the Comprehensive geriatric assessment system based on rapid screening.Perform descriptive analysis(mean,median,standard deviation,interquartile range),t-test or Mann-Whitney U rank-sum test,variance analysis or Kruskal-Wallis H test,and multivariate linear correlation analysis on metering data.Perform descriptive analysis(frequency,percentage),Chi-square test,and Logistic regression analysis on enumeration data.Results(1)Result of cultural adaptation and pre-survey:The expert positive level was 1.0,and the expert authority level was 0.88 in this study.Combined with the results of cultural adaptation and pre-survey,we find that the comprehensive geriatric assessment system based on rapid screening has good applicability and feasibility among the ethnic minority elderly.(2)Demographic characteristics of the subjects:A total of 362 old people of unique ethnic minorities were investigated in this study,including 186 Dongxiang nation,90 Baoan nation,and 86 Yugu nation.209 old people were males,and 153 old people were females.The old people's average age was(73.21±6.39)years old.(3)Disease status:In this study,256 old people had chronic diseases with a prevalence of 70.7%.There were statistical differences in the species of chronic diseases among different nationalities of elderly people.The prevalence of cardiovascular disease,and bone and joint disease in the elderly of the Yugu ethnic group is higher than that of other ethnic groups,and the chronic digestive system diseases of the elderly in the Dongxiang ethnic group are higher than that of other ethnic groups(P<0.05).(4)Physiological health status:The most common physiological function problems of the elderly were vision,balance&gait ability,audition and sensory perception.The most common symptoms of the elderly were chronic pain,fatigue,and sleep disorders.There were statistical differences in the occurrences of self-care ability,balance&gait ability,sleep disorders,inappetence,and fatigue among all ethnic groups for the elderly(P<0.05).(5)Cognitive and psychological health status:77.4%old people had disorders in cognitional functional.17.7%old people had depression symptoms,and 30.1%old people had anxiety symptoms.The median score of the short form of UCLA loneliness scale(ULS-6)was 7.5,QR=5(P25=6,P75=11).There were statistically differences in the incidence of cognitive dysfunction,depression symptoms,and anxiety symptoms among the elderly in various ethnic groups(P<0.05).(6)Social and environment conditions:Islam and Buddhism were the main religious beliefs of the elderly.52.2%old people who had never received any education.61.3%old people had a monthly income of less than 1,000 yuan.Only 2.5%old people did not have medical securit.310 old people's social support systems were relatively complete.There were statistical differences in the religious beliefs,source of finance,average monthly income,and provider payments among the elderly of various ethnic groups(P<0.05).The score of the Home safety simple assessment scale for the elderly was(3.20±0.85),and 92.0%of the elderly's dwelling environment had safety problems.(7)Risk factors:Risk factors such as age,education level,marital status affect the disease status of the elderly(P<0.05).Risk factors such as gender,age,payment method of medical expenses affect the physical health status of the elderly(P<0.05).Risk factors such as gender,education level,marital status affect the cognitive and psychological health status of the elderly(P<0.05).ConclusionThe assessment tool "Comprehensive geriatric assessment system based on rapid screening" with a good applicability in the unique ethnic maj ority elderly.The results of the health status evaluation showed that the elderly had a high prevalence of chronic diseases and the incidence of comorbidity,and their awareness of disease prevention and treatment was not enough.Although the elderly's self-care ability,olfaction with a little problems,their overall physical health status was not optimistic.The elderly's cognitive and psychological health were worried,and their dwelling environments also had lots of safety problems.The ethnic elderly had different health conditions due to differences in religious beliefs,cultural customs,dwelling environments,and geographical topography.Since there are many factors affected the health status of the ethnic elderly,the primary nursing staff should manage the health of the elderly according to their ethnic characteristics to improve their health status. |
PDF Full Text Request