| ObjectiveTo explore the effect of health education program based on planned behavior theory on self-management behavior and quality of life of COPD patients,so as to provide a basis for improving the effect of health education of clinical doctors and nurses,improving self-management behavior of COPD patients and improving their quality of lifeMethodsIn a quasi-experimental study,COPD patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Respiratory Medicine of a Grade 3A General Hospital in Hunan Province from April to September 2019 were selected as the study object.The COPD patients in the first ward of the respiratory department who met the inclusion exclusion criteria were taken as the intervention group,and the COPD patients in the second ward of the respiratory department were selected as the control group,with 45 patients in the intervention group and 45 patients in the control group The control group received oral health education,health education lectures and telephone consultation as the main forms of routine health education.The intervention group implemented the health education program based on the planned behavior theory on the basis of the control group:the corresponding health education program was made around the five parts of the planned behavior theory.including in-hospital stage one-to-one dynamic interviews,family members to participate in self-management-related video learning,out-of-hospital follow-up phase WeChat group health knowledge push,recording diary,etc,lasted until 3 months after discharge.COPD self-management scale and CAT score scale were used to evaluate the quality of life before intervention,1 month after discharge and 3 months after discharge.SPSS24.0 was used for statistical analysis of the data,mainly using mean±standard deviation,frequency,constituent ratio for statistical description,using t-test,two-sample t-test,chi-square test,repeated measurement analysis of variance for statistical inference,test level ?=0.05ResultsA total of 5 cases were lost during the intervention,and the data of 85 patients with COPD were collected,including 43 cases in the control group and 42 cases in the intervention group(1)Before intervention,there was no significant difference in the general demographic data and disease characteristics,the total score of self-management scale and each dimension score and the CAT score of quality of life between the two groups of COPD patients(P<0.05)(2)Comparison of the total scores of self-management scale between the two groups before and after intervention,post-discharge 1 month and 3 months:the pairwise comparison in the control group showed that difference was statistically significant in the total score of self-management scale between 3 months after discharge and before intervention(P<0.05),and between 1 month after discharge and 3 months after discharge(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the total scores of self-management scale between 1 month after discharge and before intervention,3 months after discharge and before intervention,3 months after discharge and 1 month after discharge in the intervention group(P<0.001)(3)Comparison of total scores of self-management scale between the two groups before and after intervention,1 month after discharge and 3 months after discharge were compared between the two groups:the control group was(118.58±7.16),(127.00±7.84),(120.05±7.53),the intervention group was(121.07±10.17),(144.62±12.45),(183.62±15.43),respectively.The results of t-test of the two samples showed that difference was not statistically significant in the total scores of self-management scale between the two groups at 1 month and 3 months after discharge(P<0.05).Repeated measurement anova results showed that difference was statistically significant in the main effect between the two groups(F=228.218,P<0.001)and time(F=526.631,P<0.001),and the results of t-test showed that difference was statistically significant in the total scores of self-management scale between the two groups and time main effect.There was significant difference in the interaction between time and grouping(F=389.326,P<0.001)(4)Comparison of the dimensions of the self-management scale between the two groups before and after intervention,post-discharge 1 month and 3 months:the results of pairwise comparison of all dimensions in the control group showed that the scores of symptom management,information management and self-efficacy management in one month after discharge were significantly higher than those before intervention(P<0.05).The scores of daily management and information management in the control group at 3 months after discharge were significantly higher than those before intervention(P<0.05).The scores of daily life management,information management and self-efficacy management in the control group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The scores of dimensions includeding daily life,information and self-efficacy management in the control group were significantly lower than those in the control group.The scores of dimensions includeding symptom,daily life,information,emotion and self-efficacy management in the intervention group at 1 month and 3 months after discharge were significantly higher than those before intervention(P<0.05).The scores of symptom management,daily life management,information management,emotion management and self-efficacy management in the intervention group were significantly higher at 3 months after discharge than 1 month after discharge(P<0.05)(5)Comparison of the scores of self-management scale between the two groups before and after intervention,post-discharge 1 month and 3 months:the results of two samples t-test showed that one month after discharge,there were significant differences in the scores of daily life management and emotion management between the two groups(P<0.05),there was no significant difference in the scores of other dimensions(P>0.05);three months after discharge,the scores of all dimensions of self-management scale were significantly different(P<0.05)(6)Comparison of quality of life between the two groups before and after intervention,post-discharge 1 month and 3 months:the pairwise comparison in the control group showed that The difference was not statistically significant in the CAT score of quality of life in the control group at three time points(P>0.05),and there was no significant difference in the quality of life CAT score between one month after discharge and before intervention(P>0.05).The CAT score of quality of life at 3 months after discharge was significantly higher than that before intervention and 1 month after discharge(P<0.001)(7)Comparison of CAT score of quality of life between the two groups before and after intervention,1 month after discharge and 3 months after discharge were compared between the two groups:the control group was(25.91±1.96),(25.93±2.10),(25.58±2.10)respectively,and the intervention group was(26.02±3.14),(26.10±3.07),(24.52±2.81)respectively.The t-test results of the two samples showed that difference was not statistically significant in the CAT score of the quality of life between the two groups before intervention and 1 month after discharge(P>0.05),but there was significant difference in the CAT score of the quality of life between the two groups 3 months after discharge(P<0.05).The results of repeated measures analysis of variance were shown that there was no significant difference in the main effect between the two groups(F=0.254,P>0.05),but there was significant difference in the main effect of time(F=77.151,P<0.001),and there was significant difference in the interaction between time and groups(F=27.027,P<0.001)ConclusionsThe health education program based on planned behavior theory can effectively improve the self-management ability of COPD patients and improve the quality of life of COPD patients. |
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