Investigation On The Current Situation Of Geriatric Depression In Urban And Rural Areas And Construction Of Supportive Psychological Intervention Programs

ObjectiveThrough the investigation and analysis the present situation of urban and rural geriatric depression in Bozhou City,this paper discusses the main influencing factors of depression,and excavates the inducing factors and needs of depression in urban and rural elderly.On the basis of this,a supportive psychological intervention program for the elderly with urban and rural depression was constructed to provide theoretical basis and references for the community protection of depression in the elderly in urban and rural areas.MethodsFrom November to December 2018,354 elderly people from 30 communities and 348 elderly people from 17 townships in Bozhou city were selected by convenient sampling.General data questionnaire,geriatric depression scale and social support scale were used for survey analysis.Eight depressed elderly in urban areas and nine depressed elderly in rural areas were selected for semi-structured interviews with the purpose sampling method.On the basis of reviewing the clinical guidelines and related literature for the psychotherapy of senile depression,combined with the results of quantitative and qualitative studies,the preliminary draft of the supportive psychological intervention program for the elderly with depression in urban and rural areas was proposed and revised through the expert group meeting of 12 expert groups.Results1.Results of Quantitative Research(1)The incidence of depression was 49.2%(174 people)in urban elderly and 53.7%(187 people)in rural elderly.There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of depression between the two groups(P>0.05).There were significant differences in the degree of depression among the elderly in urban and rural areas among different genders,types of medical insurance,economic sources,monthly income,educational level,health status,chronic diseases,and medication status(P<0.05).(2)Multivariate Logistic regression results of depression in urban and rural elderly showed that there were statistically significant differences in social support,gender,economic source,monthly income and medication status(P<0.05).Among them,daily medication,income less than 1000 yuan,economic subsidies from the government and female were risk factors for depression in urban and rural elderly,while subjective support,objective support and support utilization were protective factors for depression in urban and rural elderly.Urban and rural geriatric depression in stratified analysis of multiple factors showed:social support,gender,income,monthly income,medication compliance has significant influence on urban geriatric depression(P<0.05),social support,sex,monthly income,and medication compliance has a significant effect on the rural geriatric depression(P<0.05).2.Results of Qualitative ResearchAfter semi-structured interviews with the elderly with depression in urban and rural areas,the main topics were refined as:?Disease prevention and control;?Health promotion;?Family support;?Social support;?Healthy hope;?Life confidence.3.Results of intervention program constructionThe preliminary draft of supportive psychological intervention program for the elderly in urban and rural areas includes 4 intervention modules,including health information,emotional support,instilling hope and economic support,10 intervention themes and 52 intervention contents.A total of 12 experts attended the expert group meeting,and the expert recommendations included:?DIntervention module amend the"health information" to "information support";Amend the "instilling hope" to"promote hope"??Intervention theme amend the "disease prevention and control" to"common chronic diseases prevention and control";Amend the "health promotion" to"health promotion strategy";Amend the "relaxation training" to "behavior relaxation training".Conclusion1.The depression of the elderly in urban and rural areas of Bozhou is very serious,the main influencing factors are social support,gender,economic sources,monthly income and medication.Therefore,the community needs to strengthen the social support of the elderly and do a good job of protection.2.The supportive psychological intervention program provides guidance and assistance to the depressed elderly in urban and rural areas from four modules:information support,emotional support,hope promotion and economic support,and also provides theoretical basis for targeted nursing intervention of the depressed elderly in urban and rural areas.