Research On The Recovery Device Of Shallow Residual Film Before Sowing With The Soil Preparation Machine

Plastic mulch planting is the main planting mode of cotton,plastic mulching can improve the quality of cotton and increase the yield of cotton,so it is widely used by farmers.However,the used mulch film is not recovered in time,a large amount of mulching film remained in the soil,which causes damage to the structure and physical characteristics of the soil,and limits the increase of agricultural production and income,and causes severe damage to the agricultural ecological environment.In recent years,the pollution problem of mulch film is increasingly serious,and the recovery of mulch film is imminent.With the development of agricultural mechanization,the mechanization of residual membrane recovery has become an inevitable trend,combining with the problems of small area and difficult recovery of residual film in the field before sowing,a residual film recovery device which can be used with the land preparation machine is designed,focus on the structural parameters and operating performance of the key mechanism of the device.The motion characteristics of the key working parts of the film picking mechanism are analyzed,and the motion trajectory of the key working parts of the film picking mechanism is simulated and analyzed using simulation analysis software.Test benches and prototypes are produced,and experiments are conducted to find the optimal working parameter combination of the prototype,which provides a theoretical basis for the improvement of the prototype.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Measurement and analysis of the operating environment before the sowing stage.Through field surveys,parameters such as soil firmness and moisture content were obtained.The content of residual film in the soil between 0 and 50 mm and between 0 and 100 mm was statistically analyzed.The distribution law of residual film in soils with a depth of 0 to 50 mm in the three areas of less than 4 cm~2,4 to 25 cm~2,and more than 25 cm~2 was analyzed.The experimental research on the suspension speed and tensile characteristics of the residual film provides support for subsequent design.(2)Mechanism design of key components of the device.Determine the overall design of the device according to the field operation environment measurement parameters and the residual film physical property test before the sowing stage;Determined the structural parameters of the film picking mechanism,the number of teeth and the arrangement of the film picking teeth;Determine the structural parameters of the stripping mechanism and the structural parameters of the stripping cover.(3)Research and analysis of key components of the device.The kinematic analysis method is used to analyze and calculate the film picking mechanism to obtain the motion equation of the film picking mechanism and the range of operating parameters that meet the requirements of the operation.Finally,the forward speed v of the machine is between 1.11~1.94 m/s,and the speed of the film picking mechanismωis greater than 7.72 rad/s,the trajectory simulation analysis of the film pick-up mechanism was performed using ADAMS software to further optimize the operating parameters;Analyze the force of the residual film in the stripping mechanism to determine the speed range of the stripping mechanism.(4)Test performance of the device.The effects of the advance speed of the machine,the rotation speed of the film picking up roller and the speed of the film stripping roller on the film picking up rate and film stripping rate of the device were analyzed through experimental analysis and design software.Analyze the significance of the influence of each factor on the film picking up rate and the film stripping rate,the optimal combination of the operating parameters of the obtained device is:the forward speed of the machine is 1.62 m/s,the rotation speed of the film picking up roller is 90 r/min,and the rotation speed of the film stripping roller is 1055 r/min.The field performance of the device under the optimal operating parameters was verified through field tests and the results showed that the film picking up rate of the device is70.56%and the film stripping rate of the device is 82.96%,residual film recovery operation can be completed.