Field Screening And Comprehensive Evaluation Of The Polyploid Strains Of Sophora Tonkinensis Gapnep

The dried root and rhizome of the leguminous plant Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep is a common traditional Chinese medicine in Guangxi to treat sore throat.In recent years,its natural habitat has been destroyed rapidly but the demand has increased.It is urgent to broaden the germplasm resources of S.tonkinensis.In this study,ten tetraploid strains and one diploid strain were used as materials for the identification of endogenous hormones in spectrophotometry.The enzymes were identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The content of matrine and oxymatrine was measured by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The factor analysis was carried out to comprehensively evaluate the high-yield and high-quality yam root strains.The results are as follows:(1)Growth characteristics:The plant height(208.60cm)and root dry weight(138.59g)of A-66 strain were significantly larger than other strains;The height(119.0cm),stem diameter(7.05mm)and root dry weight(50.85g)of B-76 are lower than diploid control,indicating that B-76 is in poor condition.(2)Active ingredient content:in the polyploid strain of the S.tonkinensis,except for the A-02 strain(0.3912 mg/g),the content of matrine in each strain was higher than 0.5000 mg/g,which was higher than diploid strains(0.3703 mg/g);the content of oxymatrine and total alkaloids in 7 polyploid strains were higher than that of diploid strains(19.6369 mg/g,20.0072 mg/g);The highest content of matrine was A-96 strain(0.6639 mg/g),and D-37 had the highest content of oxymatrine and alkaloid(30.6366 mg/g,31.1986 mg/g).(3)Factor analysis:D-37,B-76 have higher active ingredient content.A-66 biomass is larger,while A-66 and A-96 strains have higher stem diameter.The leaf morphological characteristics of A-96,B-309 were better,while C-16,A-96,A-66 had strong physiological regulation ability.The comprehensive evaluation results from factor analysis showed that the scores of tetraploid strains A-66,C-16,B-309 and A-96 were in the top four,both higher than 80 points,indicating that their quality may be superior.(4)In order to avoid the limitations of the single evaluation method,combined with the analytic hierarchy process,the subjective weighting and the objective weighting were combined to comprehensively evaluate the agronomic traits,physiological and biochemical characteristics,quality,etc.of 11 polyploid strains of the roots of S.tonkinensis.The comprehensive evaluation results of different strains of S.tonkinensis were as D-37>A-66>C-16>B-76>A-02>B-98>CK>B-309>A-96>A-58>D-103.Based on various indicators,the evaluation scores of D-37,A-66 and C-16 of tetraploid strains of S.tonkinensis are in the top three,indicating that their quality is superior.