Effects Of Regulated Deficit Irrigation On Growth And Quality Of Carbernet Sauvignon Grape Berry

The research is aim at solving the question that the area of Ningxia is short of water and the vineyards there have not got a complete irrigation system.The6-year-old vines in Zhihunyuanshi manor were adopted to different regulated deficit irrigation(RDI),and research the effect of these treatment to the growth,development and quality of grape berry and find a optimal irrigation system that can save cost and improve the quality of grape berry.The experiment sampled every week from fruit expanding stage to maturation,totally nine times.Phenolic compounds including total phenol,total anthocyanin,total tannin,general flavone and total flavanol-3-alcohol content in skin,seed and branch of grape were determined.And photosynthetic characters of vines at veraison,aroma compounds of ripening grape were also determined.Principal component analysis was subjected to evaluate the effect of different regulated deficit irrigation to the physical and chemical quality of grape and phenolic compounds of grape and branch,and determined the optimal irrigation system.The results of research are as follows:(1)By measuring the photosynthetic characters of vines in veraison,we found that RDI can inhibit it,and the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)and transpiration rate(Tr)were significantly inhibited.Compared with the control,the maximum decline of Pn is 20.88%,and the maximun drop of Tr is 48.48%.(2)RDI had no significant effect to the growth and development of grape,but decreased the yield of grape along with the increase of RDI degree,with 19.33%reducing.(3)RDI improve the reducing sugar of grape significantly,and 5.13% higher than control.RDI can also decrease the titrable acid of grape berry,and 22.5% less than control.(4)Appropriate RDI can improve the content of phenolic compounds,tannins,flavane-3–alcohol in grape seed and skin and flavonoid in seed,but decreased the content of flavonoid in grape skin.(5)RDI can improve the content of total anthocyanin and nine kinds of anthocyanins indican monomer and 20.19% higher than control at ripening.(6)RDI can significantly improve the aroma content of grape berry,and maximum 13.27% higher than control.In these aroma compounds,RDI had significantly effects to alcohols,aldoketones and the rest aroma compounds.(7)The result of principal component analysis illustrated that RDI-1 is the best irrigation system because it result in the best quality of grape berry.