| [Background]With the rapid development of economy and the improvement of people’s living standard,the electric power enterprises in China has been rapidly developped,the EHV transmission lines rovide core support for the national power grid,and circuit breakers and composite apparatus is indispensible.Although the output of the circuit breaker and the composite apparatus is increasing,there is few research on the occupational hazards and the protection of workers in the production process.[Objective]To investigate occupational hazards of circuit breaker and the combination of electrical projects in the production process;evaluate the effectiveness of occupational disease prevention measures,through the combination of occupational hazards exposure level and occupational health examination data,the level of personal protection and health of the workers were evaluated.[Objects and methods]Objects:The shell workshop,machine shop,enginerring workshop,insulation workshop,spraying workshop,assembly workshop of a company ’s circuit breaker and the combination of electrical projects.Methods:By looking through spot field investigation and data material understanding the production process,observing the operation of production,the use of raw materials,to determinate occupational hazards existing in production.On the basis of occupation hygiene investigation,in accordance with the relevant requirements of the national standard,combined with the actual operation,to detect and evaluate the concentration of occupation hazards(strength)occupational health,combined with the occupation health examination data,combined with the level of personal protection projects,evaluate the level of workers’ health and occupation hazards workers exposed.[Results](1)Main production technology and and its occupational hazards:Inspecting and testing by the size of air after cleaning and drying,coating,assembling and debugging,testing the quality of the products after the packaging factory.Occupational hazard factors in the production process will present that comply to national standard detection evaluation is:the dust(alumina dust,other dust,welding fumes),manganese and its compounds,nitrogen oxides,ozone,carbon monoxide,hydrogen sulfide,acetic ester,sulphur hexafluoride electric field,noise and high temperature.(2)Dust:The time weighted average concentration(CTWA)exceed limit was 45.4%,CTWA of all workshop exceed Occupational exposure limi except insulation workshop;polishing of the shell workshop(100%),manual welding of the workshop(100%)and putty grinding of spraying workshop(75%)exceed rate were higher.(3)Benzene tuluene and xylene:All operation points of benzene and toluene CTWA complied with occupation exposure limit requirements,putty grinding in spraying workshop was CTWA exceed limit operating post,CTWA was 66.7%.(4)Manganese:CTWA exceed limit(CTWA)was 57.7%;machine shop(70.0%),engineering shop(66.7%)and shell workshop(20.0%)had a higher rate;manual welding mechanism of engineering shop(100%),manual welding of machine shop(70.0%)automatic welding of shell work shop(50.0%)had a higher exceed limit rate.(5)Other poisons:CMAC of hydrogen sulfide and ozone,CTWA of acetic acid esters,carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides of CSTEL concentration detection results all meet the requirements of occupational exposure limits.(6)Noise:Exceed limit of 8 hours continuous equivalent A sound level(Lex,8h)was 24.7%;the processing workshop(35.7%),processing workshop(34.5%)and the shell workshop(27.3%)had a higher rate;polishing of shell workshop,cleaning of processing workshop and polishing work of spraying work shop(100.0%)had a higher exceed limit.(7)Power frequency electric field and high temperature:Power frequency electric field intensity and high temperature measurement results were not exceed occupational exposure limit..2 The company carried out occupational health examination for 844 workers,50 cases of occupation disease(5.9%)were discovered,10 cases of low white blood cells were detected in(1.2%)the spray workshop,hearing loss was found in 22 cases(2.8%),16 cases(1.9%)chest X-ray abnormalities of welder were detected.3.Dustproof,anti-high temperature and power frequency electric field facilities are designed and used in assembly line。The company has established a system of occupational health management system.[Conclusions]1.The main occupational hazard factors in the production line of the circuit breaker and the combined electric projects are dust,manganese,noise,xylene.2.The pollution level of dust,manganese and noise on Machine workshop,shell work shop,engineering work shop is higher;noise and xylene pollution level of the post grinding putty spraying workshop is higher.The manual welding and polishing putty post are the occupation disease hazard critical control points.3.Insufficient of occupational disease prevention facilities protection ability,low occupational health inspection rate and the occupational health management is not in place lead to some workers suffered occupational disease. |
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