Expression And Clinical Significance Of Endocan And TGF-β₁ In Meningiomas

Objective:To investigate the expression and clinical significance of Endocan and TGF-β₁ in Meningioma tissue.Methods:41 cases of Meningioma tissue（MT）were collected as experimental group,the normal dural tissue（NDT）of 22 patients with traumatic brain injury were taken as control group,to detect the expression of Endocan and TGF-β₁ in NDT and MT by immunohistochemical method,according to the clinical,imaging and pathological data of patients with meningioma and correlation with the invasion of meningiomas,the experimental results were analyzed and discussed.Results:（1）.In the control group,Endocan expression was negative（-）in 14 cases,weak positive（+）in 7 cases,moderate positive（++）in 1 case;In the experimental group,the expression of Endocan was weakly positive（+）in 23 cases,moderate positive（++）in 11 cases,strong positive（+++）in 7 cases,the expression of Endocan in NDT and MT was significantly different（Z=-5.277,P=0.000）.（2）.In the control group,Endocan was expressed in 14 cases（-）,7 cases（+）,1 case（++）;In the experimental group:（1）.25 cases of grade I MT,Endocan was expressed in 19 cases（+）and 6 cases（++）,the expression of Endocan was significantly different between MT and NDT.（Z=-4.442,P=0.000）.（2）.12 cases of the grade II MT,Endocan was expressed in 4 cases（+）,5 cases（++）,3 cases（+++）,between the grade II MT and NDT differences in the expression of Endocan was significant（Z=-4.257,P=0.000）.（3）.4 cases of grade III MT,Endocan was expressed in 4 cases（+++）,the expression of Endocan was significantly different between grade III MT and NDT.（Z=-3.449,P=0.010）.（4）.The expression of Endocan was significantly different between grade I MT and grade II MT（Z=-2.765,P=0.006）.（5）.The expression of Endocan was significantly different between grade I MT and grade III MT（Z=-3.758,P=0.000）.（6）.The expression of Endocan was significantly different between grade II MT and grade III MT（Z=-2.335,P=0.002）.（7）.The expression intensity of Endocan in MT was positively correlated with the pathologic grading of meningiomas（r=0.601,P=0.000）.（3）.In the experimental group,9 cases were male,Endocan expression for 3 cases（+）and 1 case（++）,5 cases（+++）;32 cases of female,the expression of Endocan for 20 cases（+）,10 cases（++）,2 cases（+++）,The expression of Endocan was significantly different between the different genders of MT（Z=-2.325,P=0.020）.（4）.41 cases with meningioma,the average age for 55.44 ± 14.65 years old,Age was less than or equal to 40 years of age in 4 cases,expression of Endocan for 3 cases（+）and 1 case（+++）;40 < age < 65 years old 25 cases,expression of Endocan for 18 cases（+）,6 cases（++）and 1 case（+++）;older than 65 years old and have 12 cases,expression of Endocan was in 2 cases（+）,5 cases（++）,5 cases（+++）,Endocan expression was not significant at different ages（c2=50.125,P=0.389）.（5）.in 26 cases of convexity meningioma,the expression of Endocan for 17 cases（+）,7 cases（++）,2 cases（+++）;non convex meningioma（the base of the skull,paraventricular）15 cases,expression of endocan for 6 cases（+）,4 cases（++）,5 cases（+++）,the expression of Endocan was not significant between different parts of meningiomas（c2=4.756,P=0.093）.（6）.The shape of the tumor was 30 cases with a round shape,the expression of Endocan for 19 cases（+）,9 cases（++）,2 cases（+++）;leaf in 11 cases,expression of Endocan for 4 cases（+）,2 cases（++）,5 cases（+++）,the expression of Endocan was significantly different between the different shapes of MT（c2=8.555 a,P=0.014）.（7）.tumor with dural tail sign in a total of 23 cases,Endocan expression in 15 cases（+）,5 cases（++）,3 cases（+++）;no dural tail sign in a total of 18 cases,Endocan expression in 8 cases（+）,6 cases（++）,4 cases（+++）,there was no significant difference in Endocan expression between meningiomas with and without dural tail sign（c2=1.781,P=0.410）.（8）.meningioma with necrosis in 10 cases,the expression of Endocan for 5 cases（+）,3 cases（++）,2 cases（+++）;no necrosis in 31 cases,the expression of Endocan for 18 cases（+）,8 cases（++）,5 cases（+++）,there was no significant difference in the expression of Endocan between the with and without necrotic meningiomas（c2=2.666,P=0.264）.（9）meningioma no edema in 5 cases,expression of Endocan for 3 cases（+）,2 cases（++）;19 cases of mild edema and expression of Endocan for 13 cases（+）,5 cases（++）and 1 case（+++）;6 cases of moderate edema and expression of Endocan for 3 cases（+）and 1 case（++）,2 cases（+++）;11 cases of severe edema and expression of Endocan for 4 cases（+）,3 cases（++）,4 cases（+++）,the expression of Endocan was not significant in different degrees of edema of meningioma(c2=7.621,P= 0.267.（10）.maximum tumor diameter（D）was less than or equal to 30mm18 cases,expression of Endocan for 11 cases（+）,6 cases（++）and 1 case（+++）;30 < D< 50 mm was 15 cases,Endocan expression in 7 cases（+）,4 cases（++）,4 cases（+++）;D was greater than or equal to 50 mmwas 8 cases,Endocan expression in 5 cases（+）and 1 case（++）and 2 cases（+++）,the expression of Endocan was not significantly different between meningiomas with different diameters（c2=4.250,P=0.373）.（11）.13 cases of meningiomas invading the surrounding structures,the expression of Endocan in 8 cases（+）,5 cases（++）;no erosion in 28 cases,Endocan was expressed in 15 cases（+）,6 cases（++）,7cases（+++）,there was no significant difference in Endocan expression between invasive meningiomas.（c2=1.718,P=0.423）.（12）.36 of the patients with meningioma had 1 operations,endocan expression for 23 cases（+）and 11 cases（++）,2 cases（+++）;and more than 2 times operation with 5 cases,expression of Endocan for 5 cases（+++）,the expression of Endocan was not significantly different between the different surgical times.（c2=5.294,P=0.258）.（13）.In the control group,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 14 cases（-）,6 cases（+）,2 cases（++）;In the experimental group,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 22 cases（+）,15 cases（++）,4 cases（+++）,the expression of TGF-β₁ was significantly different between NDT and MT（Z=-4.557,P=0.000）.（14）.In the control group,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 13 cases（-）,6 cases（+）,2 cases（++）;In the experimental group,（1）25 cases of grade I meningioma,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 17 cases（+）,8 cases（++）,the expression of TGF-β₁ was significantly different between grade I MT and NDT.（Z=-3.725,P=0.000）;（2）12 cases of grade II meningioma,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 5 cases（+）,6 cases（++）,1 cases（+++）,the expression of TGF-β₁ was significantly different between grade II meningiomas and NDT.（Z=-3.548,P=0.000）;（3）Grade III meningiomas were 4 cases,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 1 case（+）,3 cases（+++）,the expression of TGF-β₁ was significantly different between grade III meningiomas and NDT.（Z=-3.259,P=0.010）.（4）The expression of TGF-β₁ was significantly different between the gradeI and grade II meningiomas.（Z=-1.645,P=0.010）.（5）.The expression of TGF-β₁ was significantly different between grade I and grade III meningiomas.（Z=-3.319,P=0.001）.（6）.The expression of TGF-β₁ was significantly different between grade II and grade III meningiomas.（Z=-2.400,P=0.010）.（7）.The expression intensity of TGF-β₁ in MT was positively correlated with the pathological grading of meningiomas（r=0.467,P=0.02）.（8）.The expression intensity of Endocan was positively correlated with the expression intensity of TGF-β₁（r=0.403,P=0.006）.（15）.In the experimental group,9 cases were male,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 3 cases（+）,4 cases（++）,2 cases（+++）;32 women andTGF-β₁ for 19 cases（+）,11（++）,2 cases（+++）,there was no significant difference in the expression of TGF-β₁ between different genders of meningiomas（Z=-1.571,P=0.115）.（16）.The average age of the experimental group was 55.44±14.65 years,age less than or equal to 40 years of age in 4 cases,which TGF-β₁ was expressed in 2 cases（+）,2 cases（++）;40 < age < 65 in 25 cases,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 16 cases（+）,7 cases（++）,2 cases（+++）;older than 65 years old and have 12 cases,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 5 cases（+）,2 cases（++）,5 cases of（+++）,the expression of TGF-β₁ was not significant between different ages（c2=43.449,P=0.660）.（17）.convex meningioma in 26 cases,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 16 cases（+）,9 cases（++）and 1 case（+++）;15 cases of non convexity meningioma and TGF was expressed in 6 cases（+）,6 cases（++）,3 cases（+++）,the expression of TGF-β₁ was not significant between different parts of meningiomas(c2=3.442,P=0.179.（18）.30 cases with meningioma in the shape of a circular,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 18 cases（+）,11 cases（++）,1 case（+++）;the leaf tumor 11 cases,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 4 cases（+）,4 cases（++）,3 cases（+++）;The expression of TGF-β₁ was not significant in different shapes of meningiomas.（c2=5.556 a,P=0.062）.（19）.meningioma in the dural tail sign in 23 cases,TGF-β₁ was expressed in,6 cases（++）,3 cases（+++）;no dural tail sign in 18 cases,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 8 cases（+）,9 cases（++）,1 case（+）,there was no significant difference in TGF-β₁ expression between meningiomas with and without dural tail sign.（c2=2.666,P=0.264）.（20）.meningioma with necrosis in 10 cases and TGF-β₁ was expressed in 6 cases（+）,3 cases（++）,1 case（+++）;meningioma with no necrosis in 31 cases,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 16 cases（+）,12 cases（++）,3 cases（+++）,there was no significant difference in the expression of TGF-β₁ between the meningioma with or without tumor necrosis.（c2=0.257,P=0.880）.（21）.meningioma around no obvious edema in 5 cases,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 4 cases（+）,1 case（++）,19 cases of mild edema and TGF-β₁ was expressed in 11 cases（+）,7 cases（++）and 1 case（+++）;6 cases of moderate edema and TGF-β₁ was expressed in 3 cases（+）and 1 case（++）,2 cases（+++）;11 cases of severe edema and TGF-β₁ was expressed in 4 cases（+）,7 cases（++）,the expression of TGF-β₁ was not significant between different edema degree of meningioma（c2=11.441,P=0.076）.（22）.41 cases of meningioma in 18 cases D was equal to or less than 30 mm,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 10 cases（+）,8 cases（++）;30 < d < 50 mm was 14 cases,TGF-β₁ was expressed 7 cases（+）,5 cases（++）,2 cases（+++）;D was higher than or equal to 50 mm was 9 cases,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 5 cases（+）,2 cases（++）and 2 cases（+++）,the expression of TGF-β₁ was not significantly different between meningiomas with different diameters（c2=4.351,P=0.361）.（23）.There were 13 cases of meningioma invading the surrounding structures,the expression of TGF-β₁ in 6 cases（+）,4 cases（++）,3 cases（+++）;no erosion in 28 cases,the expression of TGF-β₁ in 16 cases（+）,11 cases（++）,1 cases（+++）,there was no significant difference in the expression of TGF-β₁ between the tumor surrounded with or without invasion of meningiomas（c2=2.867,P=0.238）.（24）.36 of the patients with meningioma had 1 operation,TGF-β₁ was expressed in 27 cases（+）,7 cases（++）,2 cases（++）;and more than 2 times operation with 5 cases,the expression of TGF-β₁ was not significant between different surgical times（c2=16.439,P=0.128）.Conclusions:（1）.The expression of TGF-β₁ and Endocan in meningiomas is significantly higher than that in normal brain tissuse,suggesting that they may be involved in the growth and progression of meningiomas.（2）.The expression of Endocan in MT is related to the sex of the patient and the shape of meningioma,and have a positive correlation with the pathological grading of meningioma.（3）.The expression of TGF-β₁ in MT is positively correlated with the pathological grade of meningioma.（4）.The expression of Endocan and TGF-β₁ in meningiomas show a positive correlation,and the higher the pathological grade,the stronger the expression,which suggest that the two together promote the growth and invasion of meningiomas.