The Research Of Workplace Vioience Against Nurses From The Perspective Of Social Conflict Theory

ObjectiveAccording to the some sociologists ’ interview and the investigations about workplace violence(WPV) towards nurse in hospital of China, we have a better understanding and interpretations of WPV towards nurses in Shanxi province,and this will help us finding reason what causes the occurrence of workplace aggression. A strategy that would decreasing the occurrence of workplace aggression was carried out under current policy system and professional ethics of health care workers. This effective solution provide us not only a theoretical basis for further intervention studies, but also a harmony environment for all staffs and patients in the hospital. MethodsA descriptive survey was designed in our work, We using a two-stage sampling method to select 650 nurses samples in 14 hospitals to complete the Workplace Violence Questionnaire. First, we selected hospitals in Shanxi province randomly according to the hospital rank. Then we chosen the nurse sample in each level of hospital according to the proportion of nurse. A validated and reliable self-administered questionnaire developed to investigated the WPV events happened last 12 month,A total of 608 nurses completed the questionnaire,the recovery is 93.54%.The factor such as the occurrence of workplace aggression, Victims information(gender, title, salary and so on) was analyzed in Descriptive Statistical Analysis. And the key factor of WPV was analyzed using chi-square test. Results(1) Among 608 nurses, 301 suffered from WPV by 1 year.The incidence of violence was 49.5%, including language attack by 43.3%, the body attacks by 10.7%, 7.2% of sexual harassment.(2) According to the nurses’ description, one of the most impressive WPV shows, 77% of workplace violence occurred in the day time period, 48.7% in hospital. Usually the 45.0% nurse is doing routine nursing. Through the analysis of the characteristic of perpetrators, families of patients age in 30 ~ 40 years old take up he most(65.5%) and also with the man mainly(70.6%).Patients themselves who act as perpetrators age in 40 ~ 50 years old. Face with the violence, 63.5% of the nurses thought it is the lack of medical knowledge, followed by patients with unreasonable request was rejected(51.4%), the dissatisfactory of the treatment effect(49.0%). Nurses’ coping styles are mainly explanation(63.3%), followed by self-surrender avoidance(53.3%). After WPV, Nurses’ on psychology and nursing behavior also get impacted. Mainly in feel wronged, anger, passion and enthusiasm decline, quit intention, etc.(3) WPV event occurs or not was taken as the dependent variable, the multi-factor Logistic regression analysis was implemented. The results show that\ the fixed number of year of the "work", "degree", "hospital level", "in the section", "WPV training or not", "whether there is a processing WPV specialized agencies", "WPV processing gain or not" seven variables into the regression equation.(4) The interview results showed that nurses suffered workplace violence may be related to the current imperfect health care system, lack of communication and trust between nurses and patients, institutional defects of sharing medical risk, solving medical disputes, the blank legal system,social media and so on. ConclusionsTo compare the incidence of nurses suffered workplace, Taiyuan was lower than coastal area. It has been within the "safety threshold" of Social conflict, but still need to pay abundant attention. Studies have shown that the incidence of workplace violence could be affected by nurse education, communication and trust between nurses and patients, professional training to prevention workplace violence, specialized agencies to dispose workplace violence, medical dispute resolution mechanism, medical risk sharing mechanism, legal system, and social public opinions.According to the theory of social conflict view, if the conflict is not solved or guide in time and rationally, it is easy to cause great harm, even the whole system crashes. So we suggest that using the theory of social conflict to discuss the prevention measures of reduce the incidence of workplace violence. From the macro level, we need to improve the health care system, build the legal system framework, establish medical risk sharing mechanism; in the medium level, we have to improve hospital management and reduce the incidence of risk, guide public opinion direction correctly; from the microscopic aspect, we must improve doctor-patient communication skills, provide fine quality services, and strengthen the ability to cope with risks.