Research On Quality Of Life And Nursing Needs Of Disabled Elderly In Rural Arear In Kaifeng

Objective The purpose of this study was to understand the present situation of the general health condition, the quality of life and nursing needs of the disabled elder that lived in the rural areas of Kaifeng and to analyze the factors that affect their general health condition and nursing needs. The correlation between the quality of life and their nursing needs was also discussed. Based on this investigation, the theoretical basis for establishing and developing the suitable community care services for rural area disabled elders is provided.Methods By using the Multi-stage random cluster sampling method, three counties, six townships and twenty-one villages that belongs to Kaifeng are extracted and the elder whose age are beyond 60 and who can not completely take care of themselves are selected. 398 disabled elder having clear consciousness and ready to cooperate with the investigator were extracted. The tools for the survey consists of the parts, namely the general information questionnaire, WHOQOL-BREF and self-designed nursing needs questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Science(SPSS) 18.0 software. Univariate analysis was performed by t test and single factor varianc, the multivariate analysis was adopted by multiple regression analysis and related factors was conducted by Pearson correlation analysis.Results 1 Univariate analysis in quality of life of the disabled elder in rural areas 1.1 The results show that the scores( SX ±) of the quality of life of the disabled elder in rural areas of Kaifeng are the following. The overall subjective feelings of individuals on their own quality oflife and health condition are Q1 of 2.62±0.66 and Q2 of 2.28±0.70, respectively. Physical domain(PHYS) scores 39.81±11.63, while psychological domain(PSYCH) 42.76±12.17, social relationships domain(SOCIL) 47.03±9.05 and environment domain(ENVIR) 37.19±8.92. 1.2 In the univariate analysis, males scores higher than females in ENVIR(p<0.01); the disabled elder between 60 and 70 age scores higher than other groups 71~80 years old or above in SOCIL and ENVIR(p<0.01); people having high school degree or above scores higher than others having junior high school and elementary school degree in ENVIR(p<0.01); the scores of quality of life of the elder who have spouse are higher than those without spouse in all domain(p<0.05). The score difference of quality of life in various domain of the disabled elder in different disability time and different disability degree have statistically significant(p<0.01). The average monthly medical expenses <200 RMB group has a higher score than other groups in PHYS and PSYCH domain(p<0.01). The elders who are taken care of by their family score higher than those who choose nursing homes in PSYCH, SOCIL and ENVIR(p<0.05). The group who are very satisfied with the family care scores higher than other groups in PSYCH, SOCIL and ENVIR(p<0.01). 2 The univariate analysis of nursing needs of the rural disabled elder 2.1 The results show that the scores( SX ±) of the nursing needs of the rural disabled elder Kaifeng are the following: disease prevention score is 4.03±0.48 while health promotion 4.08±0.44 and total score of nursing needs 4.06±0.43. 2.2 In univariate analysis, The score of the disable elder whose spouse has poor health is higher than other groups in overall nursing needs(p<0.01). The disability elderly with different degree of disability and clinic locations have different scores in overall nursing needs and the difference have statistical significance(p<0.05).3 Multiple linear regression analysis in quality of life of the rural disabled elder According to the degree of influence in descending order of priority, the factors affecting the quality of life of the rural disabled elder in Kaifeng in physical domain(PHYS) are: the marital status, the average monthly medical expenses, the disability time and the degree of disability. The influential factors in psychological domain(PSYCH) are the selection of the pension at retirement homes, the degree of education, the care satisfaction, the average monthly medical expenses, the disability time and degree of disability while in social relationships domain(SOCIL) are the care of satisfaction, the age and the disability time. The key factors that influence environment domain(ENVIR) are the care satisfaction, the degree of education, the gender, the disability time and degree of disability. 4 Multiple linear regression analysis of the nursing needs of the rural disabled elder Based on the main influential factors arranged from the degree in descending order of priority,the influential factors of diseases prevention needs of the rural disabled elder in Kaifeng are the physical condition and degree of disability of their spouse, and in health promotion needs are the age, the health status of their spouse,, the disability time and the degree of disability. The factors affecting the total score in nursing needs are the physical condition of their spouse, the degree of disability and the locations for medical treatment. 5 Correlation analysis in the quality of life and nursing needs of the rural disabled elder The conclusion from the Pearson correlation analysis results is that there exists the negative correlation between the quality of life in different domain and the nursing needs in various aspects of the rural disabled elder in Kaifeng.Conclusions 1 The quality of life of the rural disabled elder in Kaifeng is generally poor and in a lower middlelevel. 2 The nursing needs of the rural disabled elder in Kaifeng is at a high level. 3 The various factors affect the quality of life and the nursing needs. In order to improve their quality of life and satisfy their nursing needs, the particularity of the disabled elder should be considered, when we establish and develop the countryside community services.