The Science And Technology Theory In Marx’s Critique Of Political Economics (1861-1863Manuscript) And Its Contemporary Value

The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CCCPC) has attachedgreat importance to the development of science and technology since the TwelfthFive-year Plan. CCCPC proposed the strategies for making an innovative and strongChina by developing science and education and training competent personnel. Scienceand technology is not only the most active and revolutionary factor in economicdevelopment but also the decisive force to social development. The18th CPC NationalCongress specially emphasis on the innovations driven development with ChineseCharacteristics, promoting science and technology closely, accelerating the constructionof Chinese innovation system on accelerating the improvement of the socialist marketeconomy and the change of the growth model.This thesis analyzes the historical position and theoretical connotation of Marx’smanuscript based on its critique of Political Economics (1861-1863manuscript)" witha large number of literatures by using Marx’s political economics dialectical criticismmethod and combining the theory with practice. It also points out that Marx’smanuscript plays a foundation role in the process of writing capital.It demonstrates thatthe essence of capitalism is still the system of capitalism private ownership and laboremployment, the function of the law of surplus value on capitalist production mode. Itanalyzes the influence of science and technology on contemporary capitalist society.Finally from the manuscript of the innovation and development of science andtechnology analysis theory and contemporary Chinese science and technology, itdiscusses the contribution of Marx’s theory to the development of science andtechnology, innovation development system in China.