Clinical Nurses' Self-Efficacy And The Relationship Among Self-Efficacy, Coping Styles And Mental Health Of Clinical Nurses

Objectives This study aims at investigating the prevalence and relevant factors of nurses' general self-efficacy,coping styles and mental health, and explores the relationship between clinical nurses' general self-efficacy and coping styles as well as mental health.Methods The research design was a cross-sectional descriptive study.392 clinical nurses were selected with convenience sampling method. The research instruments included five questionnaires: general self-efficacy scale, coping styles questionnaire,self-rating anxiety scale,self-rating depression scale,and socio-demographic characteristics of respondents. The data collected was analysed by descriptive statistics, single sample t-test ,independent-sample t test, pearson correlation analysis,spearman bivariate analysis and linear regression analysis and path analysis.Results⑴The clinical nurses had self-efficacy with the mean of total score at 25.91, standard deviation was 5.43;⑵Problem-solving and helping-seeking were the most frequently adopted Ways of coping among the clinical nurses;⑶The mean score of anxiety was 40.90, standard deviation was 8.81. The mean score of depression was 46.19, standard deviation was 9.75;⑷Self-efficacy correlated with ways of coping significantly. It related positively to problem-solving, but negatively to self-accusation;⑸There was a negative correlation between the scores of general self-efficacy scale and the scores of self-rating anxiety and depression scale; Self-efficacy can predict anxiety and depression to a certain degree;⑹clinical nurses' self-efficacy and coping styles play an important role in predicting their mental health. The analysis results in path model show:On anxiety and depression, the nurses' self-efficacy has important direct effect as well as important indirect effect;⑺seeking support is negatively correlated with age and working years; self-accusation, fantasy and withdrawal is negatively correlated with age , working years, marital status and whether to have kids; withdrawal is negatively correlated with professional title; anxiety is negatively correlated with professional title and marital status.Conclusions Nursing managers should pay attention to improving clinical nurses'general self-efficacy and enhancing their self-confidence; developing clinical nurses'positive coping styles to handle problems well when facing pressures; And so is as the means to help clinical nurse improve mental health level.