Analysis, Based On Gis In Northwest Arid Area Of ​​desertification Risk And Its Causes

There are six province that have lower level of the economical development and distributed more needy country are contained in the thesis, that is to say, Xinjiang, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Shanxi, Qinghai. We carry out a comparative analysis of fatalness and cause of formation of desertification and the function of the zoology using GIS and statistical technology, take the arid region of the North-west of the China, based on the 1:4000000 geographical data and social economic data and the environmental data. The main research contents of the thesis can be summarized as follows: The academic foundation and the method of the desertification research based on the previous task was proposed, and the idiographic technique used to compartmentalize fatalness was discussed. The natural environment and the land use actuality of the arid region of the North west China was researched, and their ecological contracrure and the function character were analyzed. The fatalness of the desertification of the arid region was subareaed which was based on the analysis of the actuality. The ecological character of every district was analyzed. Some measures and countermeasures were proposed according to the features of the desertification of the research region.The result showed that the latent desertification and the extremely serious desertification account for small percentage, but the middle desertification and the severe desertification account for prodigious percentage. The shape of the desertification distribution is not territorial but is slice or macula. Staggered development of the desertification is obvious and well-regulated, the status in the 1988 is the first stag, 1989-1995 is the second, 1995-2000 is the third. We can infer that contrived factor is distinct contribution from the four extracted prime components. The contributing rate in the first prime component is 54.4%.The climate is astringent in the research region. Arid degree is greater than 2.0, precipitation is rare, evaporation is strong, blustery date is more, the number of the sandstorm is raise during the recent years. The vegetation coverage is low and the species-grope is singularity, their life span is short. The vegetation is badly destroyed,which was indicated from the descent of the NDVI during the recent years. Grassland and unused land account for 91.38%, so the developmental degree of the city is low. The region is loamless and the soil is poor quality, and it is eroded easily. There is a abominable zoology environment and a low output of the crop industry.One of a depressed area is located the desertification region, population is rapidly increasing come to 19.81% during 10 years. Education and culture is not developed, person with ability is hard up because the number of the school and the academic institution is small. Industrial configuration is maladjusted, agriculture and breed aquatics account for far more proportion than industrial that is not development. At last, some measure and countermeasure was proposed in order to realize the sustainable development of the zoology, economy, social and polity.