Application Of Health Management In Prevention And Treatment Of Essential Hypertension In Community

Objective:In order to further explore the health management pattern which meets China conditions of chronic diseases, The Nanshan Chronic disease prevention and control center in ShenZhen carried out the study of application in prevention and treatment of essential hypertension in community, through the health management of patients with essential hypertension in community.Compare the change of hypertension-related health knowledge, behavior adoption rate, prevalence of risk factors of the subjects (management group, control group) before and after as well as the group change in order to evaluate the effects of health management in enhancing and improveing hypertension-related knowledge, behavior adoption rate,and prevalence of risk factors of the patients with essential hypertension. These measures were for government departments to provide the necessary scientific basis of developing hypertension prevention and control strategies and measures.Methods:a random sampling method was used to select one community Health centre as a survey point of this study, each community health center was randomly selected 75 patients with essential hypertension as research objects which belonged to responsibility district 4 community health center affiliated hospitals in Nanshan. This 300 patients with essential hypertension were randomly divided intothe management group (121) and the control group (179). Health management is used in management group giving medical treatment, medication guide as well as the non-drug treatment based on impoving lifestyle(health education, a reasonable diet, weight control, regular exercise, etc.);Control group were given conventional medical treatment and medication guide. Based on the combination of the characteristics of the project to design the questionnaire in reference to "friends and health management system" and "KYN personal questionnaire of health management project evaluation ", including general and physical examination, current health status and family history, hypertension-related health knowledge, exercise, diet and other lifestyle,psychological and social factors and other informations.The subjects were surveyed two face to face, one to one survey and physical examination before and after the health management by comparing the object of study (management group, control group), hypertension-related health knowledge, behavior adoption rate, prevalence of risk factors in order to evaluate the effect of prevention and treatment in hypertension in the community.Results:The risk factors is high in sublects, lacking of physical exercise, psychological stress, salty intake,smoking, high cholesterol, obesity and alcohol abuse.The prevalence rates were 47.3%, 44.7%,39.0%,29.7%14.3%,13.3%, and 3.7%.The level of knowledge about hypertension is generally low in subjects.The awareness rate of knowledge such as"The diagnostic criteria of hypertension", "adult normal blood pressure," "the relationship between salt and hypertension", "high blood pressure related factors", "control high blood pressure measures" and "reasonable standard drug therapy," "balanced diet concept "," high blood pressure hazard "," smoking is hazardous to health "," hazardous drinking ", etc. The awareness of knowledge points, respectively, 51.0%,45.3%,71.7%,52.0%,30.7%,70.7%,51.0%,31.0%,89%,70%.The adoption rate of hypertension-related health behaviors are relatively low, take your blood pressure medication, once daily measurement of blood pressure, regular exercises, regular community blood pressure, taste underweight, smoking restrictions limit alcohol, the use of quantitative salt spoon jar, more consumption of fruits and vegetables, etc., were adopted 72.1%,11.2%,21.8%,6.7%,23.9%, 13.4%,2.2%and 74.3%. After half a year to carry out health management,the management group, lack of physical exercise, salty intake, smoking, obesity, alcoholism and other risk factors prevalence decreased significantly(p<0.05),decreased by 13.7%,18.1%,10.6%,8.3%,4.0%. Further comparison showed that the management group and control group had differences juse like salty intake arid smoking(p<0.05).But had no significant differences in several other. The hypertension-related knowledge rate in management group were significantly improved(p<0.05), "The diagnostic criteria of hypertension," "adult normal blood pressure," "salt and hypertension", "high blood pressure related factors", "control measures for hypertension," "reasonable standard drug therapy," "the concept of a balanced diet," "hypertension hazard" than the original, respectively increased by 18.8%,17.6%,12.2%,13.8%,26.9%,12.3%,23.0%,17.7%, increase was significantly higher than the control group(p<0.05). Adoption rate of related behavior in management group, such as directed by your doctor to take antihypertensive drugs, a blood pressure measured every day, regular exercises, regular community blood pressure, using salt spoon jar, increased by 23.9%,11.7%,31.9%,31.8%and 58.3%,.With the control group there were significant differences (p<0.05). Conclusion:Health management of hypertension management in the community have initial results, to be effective in patients with hypertension-related health knowledge and behavior.Also,it can significantly reduce the prevalence of hypertension risk factors.